Introduction
This page is the result of the aggregation of content from 30 sources. At Phyto-info, we have indexed, assembled and synthesized all the information found to summarize it, to make it readable and easy to access. We have carefully selected our sources from recognized and reliable people.
- Physician(s) 7
- Pharmacist(s) 5
- Herbalist(s) 15
- Other 3
- Physician Dr. Éric Lorrain is a phytotherapist in Grenoble. He chairs the European Institute of Plant Substances and teaches herbal medicine in the context of inter-university degrees and training for health professionals.
- Physicians Dr. Patrick Depoërs graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Lille in 1984; he practices homeopathy, acupuncture, phytotherapy, aromatherapy, nutritherapy and osteopathy in Dunkirk. Dr. Franck Ledoux obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1982 from the Lille University Hospital; He practices holistic medicine. Dr. Philippe Meurin obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1988, he also graduated in acupuncture, homeopathy and phytotherapy; he teaches at the GREAT.
- Doctor & Ethnobotanist Dr. Gérard Debuigne is a French doctor, specializing in phytotherapy and nutrition. Hi co-author, Dr. François Couplan is a French ethnobotanist and writer, specializing in the traditional uses of wild edible plants, which he has studied on all five continents and of which he is a pioneer in Europe.
- Physician & Biologist Dr. Christof Jänicke (1953-2017), was a doctor and worked as a pediatric surgeon in a clinic in Berlin. Its co-author, Dr. Jörg Grünwald, worked in Germany as a biologist for medical research, he also specializes in herbal medicine.
- Physician Dr Jean Morel has been a doctor in Besançon since 1980. A student of Dr. Jean Valnet, he is president of the Franche-Comté Society of Société Franc-comtoise de Phytothérapie et d'Aromathérapie created in 1982. He has been using plants for more than thirty years and is a lecturer in the university degree in phytotherapy and aromatherapy at the faculty of Besançon.
- Physician Dr. Jean Valnet (1920-1995) was a French physician and surgeon, specializing in herbal medicine in the fields of phytotherapy and aromatherapy.
- Physician Dr. François-Joseph Cazin (1788-1864) was a French physician. Author of an imposing Practical and Reasoned Treatise on Indigenous Medicinal Plants, he is considered the ancestor of the French school of phytotherapy.
- Pharmacist Dr Jean Bruneton, honorary university professor, taught pharmacognosy at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Angers for 30 years. He is also a specialist in phytochemistry and has co-authored a hundred international scientific publications.
- Pharmacists Dr. Jacques Fleurentin is a doctor of pharmacy, lecturer at the University of Metz and President of the French Society of Ethnopharmacology. Its co-author, Dr. Jean-Claude Hayon, is a pharmacist and professor of botany.
- Pharmacist Dr. Carole Minker, pharmacist, has studied the traditional uses of medicinal plants by people around the world.
- Pharmacist Dr. Gilles Corjon is a doctor of pharmacy. Dr. Gilles Corjon is a doctor of pharmacy. Co-manager of a traditional herbalist shop for more than 25 years, he is currently a teacher and scientific director at the Lyon School of Medicinal Plants and Natural Knowledge.
- Pharmacists Dr. Claudine Luu is a doctor of pharmacy and natural sciences, she founded the Phytofrance laboratory, as well as the oldest herbalist school in France, IMDERPLAM located in the Hérault. Its co-author, Dr. Annie Fournier, is a doctor of pharmacy, specializing in phytotherapy and relaxation therapies.
- Herbalist Matthew Wood has been an herbalist for over 35 years in the United States. He holds a Master of Science in the field of medicinal plants from the Scottish School of Herbal Medicine, a degree recognized by the University of Wales in Scotland.
- Herbalist Thomas Bartram is a medical herbalist. He has lived and worked in Christchurch, Dorset in England. A Fellow of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, the Royal Society of Health and the Health Food Institute, he was also the Editor of the journal 'Health for Herbs'.
- Herbalist Terry Breverton, a contemporary British author with a passion for Welsh heritage, has rewritten Culpeper's famous book for a more modern audience. Nicholas Culpeper (1616-1654) was an English botanist known as the poor man's doctor, making herbal medicine accessible to all. His book, commonly referred to as Culpeper's Complete Herbal, was a huge success when it was first published and has been reprinted ever since.
- Herbalist Andrew Chevallier is an experienced medical herbalist and author of books on botanical medicine. He is a member and past president of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists and a member of the College of Practitioners of Herbal Medicine. He also helped found the Herbal Medicine Course at Middlesex University.
- Herbalist Born in Silchester, Hampshire, Alys Fowler studied at the Royal Horticultural Society, the Royal Botanic Gardens in London, and then the Botanic Gardens in New York, before returning to the UK to complete a master's degree at UCL in 2002. Alys spent a few years presenting the BBC's Gardeners' World series and has since become a prominent horticultural journalist, writing a popular weekly column in the Guardian.
- Herbalist Jessica Houdret has a passion for herbs, she has grown them commercially and has led workshops on their many uses. She served on the board of the British Herb Trade Association for several years and served as a director.
- Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
- Herbalist Paul-Victor Fournier (1877-1964) was a French canon and botanist. His major work, 'Les quatre flores de France', published between 1934 and 1940, remains a reference work for the identification of plants in the field.
- Herbalist Becky Cole, based in Northern Ireland, works as a landscaper after studying at NCAD and TCD. She is also an herbalist by training, having studied with mentors such as Juliet Blankespoor, Marysia Miernowska and Jade Shutes, among others.
- Herbalist Marie-Antoinette Mulot (1919-1999) was a French herbalist by virtue of her training as an herbalist at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Montpellier, she was the last to graduate in 1941.
- Herbalist Christophe Bernard is an herbalist. He studied medicinal plants in the United States for 15 years. Back in his native Provence, he devoted himself to his passion as a health practitioner.
- Herbalist Maria Treben (1907-1991) was an Austrian herbalist and author. She was interested in the 'simples', the ordinary and common healing plants, and collected the recipes and traditional applications of these plants in several books, the most famous of which was 'Gesundheit aus der Apotheke Gottes', translated into 24 languages.
- Herbalist Michel Dubray is an herbalist, a diploma approved by the French community in Belgium. He is also a nutritherapist who graduated from the School of Natural Medicine and Ethnomedicine in Paris.
- Herbalist Michael Moore (1941 – 2009) was an American herbalist. He wrote the Matière Médicale, which is the most widely used to date in English-speaking countries, specifying the methods of preparation and dosages of classical medicinal plants.
- Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
- Journalist Solange Fleurus has been a freelance health journalist for more than fifteen years.
- Journalist Philippe Chavanne is a French journalist and writer. He writes books that put nature and its benefits back at the center of daily life.
- Publisher Dr. Anne-Claire Gagnon and colleagues wrote this book published by Éditions Vidal, a specialist in health information. It provides scientifically validated information on the benefits of medicinal plants.
However, Phyto-info is not responsible for what these sources tell us. We only report them in a different format.
Practical information
Family
Asteraceae
Parts used
- Flower
- Leaf
Picking info
- Harvest fresh leaves as needed
- Harvest the whole, fully opened flowers in full sun, including their green calyx, from summer until autumn. Dry them flat on a rack in a well-ventilated, shady place, then store them away from light in a dry location
Medicine cabinet
- Dried flower
- Dried flower infused oil
- Tincture dried flowers
112 traditional uses
Dosages
Poultice externally
Feuille: Écraser quelques feuilles fraîches ou macérées dans du vinaigre et appliquer en cataplasme 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "feuilles fraîches ou macérées dans du vinaigre"]. Omnibus.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 478, "feuilles fraîches écrasées, appliquées sur les verrues et les cors"]. Editions Vigot.
Fleur: Écraser quelques fleurs fraîches en bouillie et appliquer en cataplasme 2
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "le cataplasme […] se prépare en pilant des fleurs fraîches […] au mortier et en les appliquant localement"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "appliquer des pétales pilés et réduits en bouillie"]. Larousse.
External infusion
Infuse approx. 4 g of dried flowers in 150 ml (1 teacup) of boiling water for 10 minutes, strain, and use warm as a topical application for 30 minutes, or as a gargle or mouthwash 2 to 3 times a day 10
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "handful petals/florets to 1 pint boiling water, infuse 15 minutes, apply on suitable materials to injuries where skin is broken"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1044, "application d’une infusion à 1-2 g/150 ml (utilisable aussi en gargarisme)"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "en infusion 10 minutes, 1 à 2 g de fleur pour 0,15 litre d’eau en application locale et en bains de bouche"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "une à deux cuillères à soupe de fleurs séchées à laisser infuser cinq minutes dans 200 millilitres d’eau chaude, en compresse pour les soins de la peau, les bains oculaires ou les bains de bouche"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 404, "pour les affections de la peau […] compresse imbibée, pendant 30 à 60 minutes […] gargarismes deux à trois fois par jour"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "versez 150 ml d’eau bouillante sur 1/2 à 1 c. à café de fleurs, laissez infuser 10 min et employez chaud"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "infusion de la plante sèche, 1 à 2 c. à café/tasse d’eau, ao à 15 minutes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "1 à 2 cuillères à café rases (soit environ 2 à 3 g) dans 15 cl d’eau frémissante pendant 10 minutes, utiliser l’infusion encore chaude plusieurs fois par jour en lavages ou en compresses […] ou en gargarismes ou bains de bouche"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "100 g de pétales pour 1 litre d’eau, laisser bouillir 5 minutes, infuser 10 minutes"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 477, "2 poignées par litre, bouillir 10 minutes, en bains ou compresses"]. Editions Vigot.
Internal infusion
Infuse approx. 4 g of dried flowers in 150 ml (1 teacup) of boiling water for 10 minutes, strain, and drink 2 to 3 cups per day between meals 11
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "dried petals/florets, 1-2 teaspoons to each cup boiling water, infuse 15 minutes, drink freely"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "1 c. à s. de fleurs séchées pour 25 cl d’eau tout juste frémissante, […] deux à trois prises quotidiennes en dehors des repas après infusion et filtration"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "influsion de fleurs, 30 g par litre d’eau bouillante, laisser 10 minutes en contact. prendre 3 tasses par jour"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "une à deux cuillères à soupe de fleurs séchées à laisser infuser cinq minutes dans 200 millilitres d’eau chaude"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 174, "1 cup of hot water (250 ml) over 1-2 teaspoons of dried flowers and infusing for 10-15 minutes, […] up to three times a day"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1016, "infuser 1 à 2 c. à café de fleurs séchées dans 150 à 200 ml, 1 tasse 2 à 3 fois par jour"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "infusion 1-3 tasses/jour"]. Terre Vivante.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "1 cuillère à soupe pour 1/4 de litre d’eau bouillante, laisser infuser 10 minutes, faire 4 tasses par jour loin des repas"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 123, "une cuillère bombée d’herbes pour 1/4 de litre d’eau"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 477, "1 cuillerée à dessert dans 1 tasse d’eau bouillante, infuser 10 minutes, 1 tasse avant les repas pour les phénomènes menstruels"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "1 cuillère à café par tasse, infusion 5 minutes, 2 à 3 tasses par jour"]. Editions Amyris.
External oil macerate
Apply as needed up to 3 times a day 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "apply up to 3 times a day"]. Penguin Random House.
External tincture
Dilute 1 teaspoon of dried flower tincture with 10 teaspoons of boiled water, use this mixture as compresses, gargles or mouthwashes throughout the day, divided into 3 or 4 doses 10
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "5-20 drops in water"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "rinse mouth with […] tincture, 5-10 drops in water"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "diluée dans un même volume d’eau 50/50, en application locale sous forme de compresse ou de cataplasme, ou en bain de bouche"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "teinture diluée avec un peu d’eau"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "TM diluée au 10e dans de l’eau ou au 1/3 en compresse"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "teinture-mère en cataplasme, en bain de bouche ou en gargarisme"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 10, "tincture [..] 5-30 drops, to 4X a day, dilute with several parts of water for topical use"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 121, "teinture diluée dans de l’eau bouillie"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 478, "teinture-mère, 2 cuillères à café pour 1 bol d’eau en compresses"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "teinture-mère diluée"]. Editions Amyris.
Internal tincture
Take a maximum of 10 to 30 drops diluted in a glass of water 1 to 3 times a day 11
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "5-20 drops in water"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 114, "une trentaine de goutte par prise diluées dans un peu d’eau"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "30 gouttes diluées dans un petit peu d’eau à raison de trois proses journalières pendant sept jours"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "30 drops with water 3 times a day"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "30 gouttes 3 fois par jour dans un peu d’eau"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "prendre 2 à 4 g par jour en cas de problèmes de règles"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "10 à 20 gouttes"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "20 à 30 gouttes 1 à 3 fois/jour dans un verre d’eau, ne pas dépasser cette posologie"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "20 gouttes 1-3 fois/jour"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 10, "tincture [..] 5-30 drops, to 4X a day, dilute with several parts of water for topical use"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 158, "10-15 drops up to 4x/day"]. North Atlantic Books.
45 plant properties
Analgesic 4
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "antalgique"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 261, "antalgique"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "antalgique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "antalgique"]. Dunod.
Anti-asthmatic 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "antiasthmatique"]. Dunod.
Anti-bacterial 18
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-bacterial"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "antibacterial"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "antibactériennes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "bactéricide"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "antibacterial"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "antibactérien"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "anti-bactérienne"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "antibactérien"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "antibactérien"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "antibacterial"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 403, "antibactérienne"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "éliminent bactéries"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "antibacterial"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "antibactérien"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "antibactériens"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "antibactérien"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antibactérien"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "bacteriostatic"]. North Atlantic Books.
Anti-collagenase 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "anticollagénase (teinture de feuille)"]. Dunod.
Anti-edematous 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "anti-oedémateux"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "anti-oedémateuse"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "anti-oedémateux"]. Larousse.
Anti-emetic 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-emetic"]. Robinson.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "antiémétiques"]. Omnibus.
Anti-inflammatory 20
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-inflammatory"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "anti-inflammatory"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "anti-inflammatory"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "antiinflammatoire"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-tumoral 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-cancer"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "cytotoxiques"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1013, "cytotoxique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "antitumorales"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "anticancer"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antitumoral"]. Editions Amyris.
Anticholinergic 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "anticholinergique"]. Dunod.
Antifungal 12
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-fungal"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "antifungal"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "fongicide"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "anti-fungal"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 59, "antifungal"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "anti-fongique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "antifungal"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "éliminent […] champignons"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "antifungal"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "antifongique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "fongicide"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antifongique"]. Editions Amyris.
Antihistamine 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-histamine"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "antihistaminique"]. Dunod.
Antioxidant 2
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "anti-oxydant"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1012, "antioxydantes"]. Dunod.
Antiprotozoose 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-protazoal"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "antileishmanienne"]. Dunod.
Antipruritic 6
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "antiprurigineux"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "antiprurigineux"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "anti-prurigineux"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "antiprurigineux"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "antiprurigineux"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antiprurigineux"]. Editions Amyris.
Antirheumatic 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "antirheumatic"]. Quercus.
Antiseptic 18
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "antiseptic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 213, "désinfectant"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "antiseptic"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "antiseptique"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "antiseptic"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 59, "antimicrobial"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "antiseptique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "anti-infectieux"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "désinfectant"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "antiseptiques"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 84, "antimicrobiennes"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "antiseptic"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1013, "anti-infectieuses"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "anti-infectieux"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "antiseptiques"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 418, "antiseptique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 477, "antiseptique"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "antiseptic"]. North Atlantic Books.
Antispasmodic 13
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anti-spasmodic"]. Robinson.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "antispasmodique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "relieves muscle spasms"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "antispasmodic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "anti-spasmodique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "antispasmodiques"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "antispasmodiques"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "antispasmodique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "antispasmodique utérin"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "antispasmodique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "antispasmodiques"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "antispasmodique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antispasmodique"]. Editions Amyris.
Antivenom 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 261, "antivenimeux"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antitoxique"]. Editions Amyris.
Antiviral 9
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "antivirales"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "virucide"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "antiviral"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "antiviral"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "éliminent […] virus"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "antiviral"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "antivirales"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "antiviral"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "antiviral"]. Editions Amyris.
Astringent 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "styptic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "astringent"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "astringent"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "astringent"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 157, "astringent"]. North Atlantic Books.
Cholagogue 6
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "cholagogue"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "cholagogue"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "cholagogue"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "cholagogue"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "cholagogues"]. Omnibus.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "facilite l’écoulement de la bile"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Cholorectic 6
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "cholérétique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "favorise le bon fonctionnement […] de la vésicule biliaire"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "régulateur […] de la vésicule biliaire"]. Terre Vivante.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 418, "cholérétique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "cholérétique"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "increase bile production"]. North Atlantic Books.
Demulcent 6
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "adoucissant"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "adoucissant"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "calmantes"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "adoucissant"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "adoucissantes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "soothes the digestive mucosa"]. North Atlantic Books.
Depurative 9
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "dépuratif"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "detoxifying"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "dépuratif"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "dépuratif"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "dépuratives"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "dépuratif"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 122, "dépurative"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "dépuratif"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "dépuratif"]. Editions Amyris.
Diaphoretic 11
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "diaphoretic"]. Robinson.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "sudorifique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "sudorifique"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "sudorifique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "sudorifique"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "sudorifiques"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "sudorifique"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "sudorifique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "sudorifique"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "sudorifique"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "diaphoretic"]. North Atlantic Books.
Digestive 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 59, "improve the digestive system"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Diuretic 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "diurétique"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "diurétique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "diurétique"]. Editions Vigot.
Emmenagogue 15
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "menstrual regulator"]. Robinson.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "emménagogue"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "emménagogue"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "regulate menstrual bleeding"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "emmenagogue"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "emménagogue"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "emménagogues"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "régularise les menstruations"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "emménagogues"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "régulateur du cycle féminin"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "réguler les troubles menstruels"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "emménagogue"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "régulateur des règles"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "emménagogue"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 156, "emmenagogue"]. North Atlantic Books.
Emollient 3
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "émollient"]. Artémis éditions.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 418, "émollient"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "emollient"]. North Atlantic Books.
External anti-inflammatory 2
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 213, "anti-inflammatoire pour la peau"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "anti-inflammatoire cutané"]. Lavoisier.
Febrifuge 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "fébrifuge"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
Haemostatic 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "haemostatic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "prevents haemorrhaging"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "antihémorragique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "anti-hémorragiques"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "hemostatic"]. North Atlantic Books.
Hepatoprotective 3
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "favorise le bon fonctionnement du foie"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "régulateur du foie"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "lowers high enzyme counts from damaged liver"]. North Atlantic Books.
Hypotensive 2
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 418, "hypotenseur"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "hypotenseur"]. Editions Vigot.
Immunostimulant 4
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "immune stimulant"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 59, "promote a healthy immune system"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "immunostimulant"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "immune stimulants"]. North Atlantic Books.
Moisturizing 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "hydratante"]. Dunod.
Oestrogen-like 1
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 222, "oestrogène-like"]. Artémis éditions.
Oestrogenic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "oestrogenic activities"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "mildly oestrogenic"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "oestrogénique"]. Editions Amyris.
Parasiticide 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "anthelmintic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "antiparasitaire"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 122, "vermifuge"]. Ennsthaler.
Proangiogenique 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "favorisent […] l’angiogénèse"]. Lavoisier.
Tonic 2
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "stimulant"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "stimulantes"]. Omnibus.
Tonique_lymphatique 3
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 222, "stimulant de la circulation lymphatique"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "lymphatic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "resolve stagnation in the lymphatics"]. North Atlantic Books.
Trophic protector 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1043, "trophique protecteur"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "action trophique protectrice"]. Dunod.
Vasodilator 1
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "vasodilatateur"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
Vulnerary 20
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 213, "cicatrisant"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "favorisent la cicatrisation"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "cicatrisant"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "healing properties"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "vulnerary"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "cicatrisant"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 261, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "cicatrisantes"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "cicatrisant"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "cicatrisantes"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "cicatrisation"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1011, "cicatrisant"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "cicatrisant"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "cicatrisants"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "cicatrisantes"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 417, "cicatrisant"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 477, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Amyris.
92 constituents
Albumin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "albumine"]. Omnibus.
Alpha-amyrin 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "alpha-amyrine"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "α-amyrine"]. Dunod.
Alpha-cadinol 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "alpha-cadinol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "α-cadinol"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "alpha-cadinol"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "alpha-cadinol"]. Editions Grancher.
Alpha-elemol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "α-élémol"]. Dunod.
Alpha-ionone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "alpha-ionones"]. Terre Vivante.
Arabinogalactan 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "arabinogalactane"]. Editions Amyris.
Arnidiol 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "arnidiol"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "arnidiol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Beta-amyrin 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "bêta-amyrine"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "β-amyrine"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "bêta-amyrine"]. Terre Vivante.
Beta-carotene 1
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "bêta-carotènes"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
Beta-eudesmol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "β-eudesmol"]. Dunod.
Beta-ionone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "bêta-ionones"]. Terre Vivante.
Calenduladiol 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "calenduladiol"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "calenduladiol"]. Dunod.
Calendulaglycoside 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "calendulaglycosides"]. Lavoisier.
Calenduline 4
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "calenduline"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "calenduline"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "calenduline"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "calenduline"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Calenduloside 4
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "calendulosides"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "calendulosides"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "calendulosides"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "calendulosides"]. Editions Amyris.
Carotene 5
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "carotènes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "carotenes"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "carotènes"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "carotènes"]. Dunod.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "carotène"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Carotenoid 12
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "carotenoids"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "caroténoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "carotinoïdes"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "caroténoïdes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "caroténoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "caroténoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Amyris.
Colorant 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "colorants"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "colorant"]. Editions Vigot.
Coumarin 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "coumarines"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "coumarines"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "coumarines"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "coumarines"]. Editions Amyris.
Dihydroactinidiolide 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "dihydroactinidiolide"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "dihydroactinidiolide"]. Terre Vivante.
Esculetin 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "esculétol"]. Dunod.
Essential oil 17
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "volatile oils"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "huile essentielle"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "volatile oil"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "essence aromatique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "huile essentielle"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "huile essentielle"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "huile essentielle"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "huile essentielle à sesquiterpènes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "huile essentielle"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "huile essentielle à sesquiterpènes"]. Editions Grancher.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "volatile oils"]. North Atlantic Books.
Faradiol 4
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "faradiol"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "faradiol"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "faradiol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "faradiol"]. Vidal.
Flavonoid 17
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "flavonoids"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "flavonoids"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "flavonoïdes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "flavonoids"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "flavonoïdes"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "flavonoïdes"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "flavonoïdes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "flavonoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "flavonoids"]. North Atlantic Books.
Glucoside 1
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "glucoside"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Gum 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "gommes"]. Omnibus.
Heliantriol 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "héliantriols"]. Lavoisier.
Heliantriol C 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "hélantriols C"]. Dunod.
Heliantriol F 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "hélantriols F"]. Dunod.
Hyperoside 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "hypéroside"]. Larousse.
Iodine 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "iodine"]. North Atlantic Books.
Ionone 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "ionones"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "ionones"]. Editions Grancher.
Isofucosterol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "isofucostérol"]. Dunod.
Isoquercitrin 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "isoquercitrin"]. North Atlantic Books.
Isorhamnetin 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "isorhamnétol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "isorhamnétol"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "isorhamnétol"]. Editions Amyris.
Kaempferol 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "kaempférol"]. Editions Amyris.
Ledol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "lédol"]. Dunod.
Loliolide 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "loliolide"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "loliolide"]. Dunod.
Longispinogenin 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "longispinogénine"]. Dunod.
Lupenetriol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "lupènetriol"]. Dunod.
Lupeol 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "lupéol"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "lupéol"]. Terre Vivante.
Lutein 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "lutéine"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "lutéine"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "lutéine"]. Editions Amyris.
Luteol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "lutéol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Lycopene 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "lycopène"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "lycopène"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "lycopène"]. Dunod.
Malic acid 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "acide malique"]. Omnibus.
Minerals 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "minerals"]. North Atlantic Books.
Mucilage 8
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "mucilage"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "mucilage"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "mucilages"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "mucilages"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "mucilage"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "mucilages"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "mucilages"]. Editions Grancher.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "mucilage"]. Editions Vigot.
Oleanane 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "oléananes"]. Dunod.
Oleanolic acid 1
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "acide oléanolique"]. Vidal.
Oligosaccharide 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "oligosaccharides"]. Dunod.
Pentacyclic triterpene 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "triterpènes pentacycliques"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "triterpéniques pentacycliques"]. Dunod.
Phenolic acid 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "acides-phénols"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "acides phénoliques"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "acides-phénols"]. Editions Amyris.
Phytosterol 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "phytosterols"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "phytostérols"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "phytostérols"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "phytostérols"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "phytostérols"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "phytostérol"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Polysaccharide 9
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "polysaccharides"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "polysaccharides"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "polysaccharides"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "polysaccharides"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "polysaccharides solubles dans l’eau"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "polysaccharides hydrosolubles"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "polysaccharides"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "polysaccharides"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "polysaccharides"]. North Atlantic Books.
Polyyne 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "polyines"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Quercetin 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "quercétol"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "quercétol"]. Editions Amyris.
Resin 6
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 114, "résines"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "resins"]. Penguin Random House.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "résine"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 174, "resin"]. Penguin.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "résine"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "resins"]. North Atlantic Books.
Rhamnoarabinogalactan 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "rhamnoarabinogalactane"]. Editions Amyris.
Rutoside 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "rutin"]. North Atlantic Books.
Salicylic acid 6
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "salicylic acid"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "acide salicylique"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "acide salicylique"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "acide salycilique"]. Omnibus.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "acide salycilique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "acide salicylique"]. Editions Vigot.
Saponin 7
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "saponosides"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "saponosides"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "saponine"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "saponines"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 181, "saponosides"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "saponine"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "saponines"]. Editions Amyris.
Saponin A 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides A"]. Terre Vivante.
Saponin B 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides B"]. Terre Vivante.
Saponin C 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides C"]. Terre Vivante.
Saponin D 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides D"]. Terre Vivante.
Saponin E 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides E"]. Terre Vivante.
Saponin F 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides F"]. Terre Vivante.
Scopoletin 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "scopolétol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "scopolétol"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "scopolétol"]. Editions Amyris.
Sesquiterpene 3
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "sesquiterpènes"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "sesquiterpènes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "sesquiterpènes"]. Editions Amyris.
Sesquiterpene glycoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "glycosides de sesquiterpènes"]. Dunod.
Sesquiterpene lactone 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "bitter glycosides"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "amers"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 907, "substances amères"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "composés amers"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "substances amères"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "bitters"]. North Atlantic Books.
Sitosterol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "sitostérol"]. Dunod.
Stigmasterol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "stigmastérol"]. Dunod.
Sugar 1
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "sucres"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
T-cadinol 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "t-cadinol"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "t-cadinol"]. Terre Vivante.
Taraxane 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "taraxanes"]. Dunod.
Taraxasterol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "taraxastérol"]. Terre Vivante.
Terpene alkaloid 1
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "alcaloïdes terpéniques"]. Marabout.
Triterpene 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "triterpenes"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "triterpenes"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "triterpènes"]. Larousse.
Triterpenic alcohol 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "alcools triterpéniques"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "alcools triterpéniques"]. Marabout.
Triterpenic compound 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "composés triterpéniques"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "composés triterpéniques"]. Larousse.
Triterpenoid 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "triterpénoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
Triterpenoid saponin 10
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "saponines triterpéniques"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 80, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "saponosides triterpéniques"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "triterpene glycoside"]. North Atlantic Books.
Umbelliferone 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "ombelliférone"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "ombelliférone"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "ombelliférone"]. Editions Amyris.
Ursadiol 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "ursadiol"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "ursadiol"]. Dunod.
Ursane 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "ursanes"]. Dunod.
Ursatriol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "ursatriol"]. Dunod.
Viridiflorol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1014, "viridiflorol"]. Dunod.
Xanthophyll 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "xanthophylles"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "xanthophylles"]. Larousse.
Xanthophyllin 1
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "xanthophylline"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
Zeaxanthin 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "zéaxanthine"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1010, "zéaxanthine"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "zéaxanthine"]. Editions Amyris.
Zeaxanthol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "zéaxanthol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
24 common names
Bride of the sun 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "bride of the sun"]. Quercus.
Calendula 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "calendula"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "calendula"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "calendula"]. North Atlantic Books.
Common marigold 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "common marigold"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "common marigold"]. Dunod.
Drunkard 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "drunkard"]. Quercus.
English marigold 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "english marigold"]. Penguin.
European marigold 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 10, "european marigold"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
Garden marigold 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "garden marigold"]. Dunod.
Golden Mary 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "golden Mary"]. Quercus.
Golds 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "golds"]. Quercus.
Holigold 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "holigold"]. Quercus.
Husbandman’s dial 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "husbandman’s dial"]. Quercus.
Margold 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "margold"]. Quercus.
Marigold 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "marigold"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "marigold"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "marigold"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "marigold"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "marigold"]. Dunod.
Mary gold 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "mary gold"]. Quercus.
Mary gowles 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "mary gowles"]. Quercus.
Mary-bud 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "mary-bud"]. Dunod.
Marybud 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "marybud"]. Quercus.
Marygold 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 906, "marygold"]. Omnibus.
Pot marigold 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "pot marigold"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "pot marigold"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "pot marigold"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "pot marigold"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "pot marigold"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "pot marigold"]. Dunod.
Ruddies 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "ruddies"]. Quercus.
Ruddles 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "ruddles"]. Dunod.
Scotch marigold 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "scotch marigold"]. Dunod.
Summer’s bride 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "summer’s bride"]. Quercus.
Sun bride 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "sun bride"]. Quercus.
scientific name
Calendula officinalis 29
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 284, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 114, "Calendula officinalis"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 218, "Calendula officinalis"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1042, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Lavoisier.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "Calendula officinalis L."]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 222, "Calendula officinalis"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "Calendula officinalis"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "Calendula officinalis"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 124, "Calendula officinalis"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 257, "Calendula officinalis"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 260, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 304, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 344, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 184, "Calendula officinalis"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 906, "Calendula officinalis"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "Calendula officinalis"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 402, "Calendula officinalis"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "Calendula officinalis"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "Calendula officinalis"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1009, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 610, "Calendula officinalis"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 81, "Calendula officinalis"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 10, "Calendula officinalis"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 97, "Calendula officinalis"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 416, "Calendula officinalis"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 119, "Calendula officinalis"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 476, "Calendula officinalis"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 408, "Calendula officinalis L."]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "Calendula officinalis"]. North Atlantic Books.
Conditions of use
Contraindications
Contraindicated in case of allergy to asteraceae 9
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "risque d’allergie chez les personnes […] sensibles aux plantes de la famille des astéracées"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 77, "may cause allergic reaction in rare cases"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "avoid if allergic to members of asteraceae family"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 305, "en cas d’allergie aux fleurs des astéracées"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 405, "allergies cutanées"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 405, "hypersensibilité au souci"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "contre-indiqué […] en cas d’allergie aux fleurs de la famille des composées"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "allergies aux astéracées"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "risque d’allergie cutané possible"]. Terre Vivante.
Contraindicated in case of hormone-dependent diseases 2
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "on la déconseille […] aux personnes ayant des antécédents de cancer hormonodépendant"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "maladies hormonodépendantes"]. Editions Amyris.
Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to active substances 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "hypersensibilité aux substances actives"]. Dunod.
Toxicity
No toxicity at recommended doses 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 261, "aucun effet toxique est à redouter"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "par voie interne, […] toxique à forte dose"]. Dunod.
Side effects
Only one case of anaphylactic reaction reported 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 305, "un seul cas de réaction anaphylactique a été rapporté"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Risk of digestive disorders at high doses 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 171, "overdose […] may cause stomach upsets or nausea"]. Penguin.
Drug interactions
Possible stimulation of the effect of sedative or calming plants taken simultaneously 2
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "interactions [possibles] avec d’autres plantes aux vertus sédatives ou calmantes"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 305, "pourrait augmenter l’effet de plantes sédatives ou calmantes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Precautions for use
Do not confuse with the marigold 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "not to be confused with inedible marigold (tagetes)"]. Hermes House.
For internal use, a low dosage is preferred over a period not exceeding 2 weeks 5
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 305, "l’accumulation de toxines antibactériennes que renferme le souci implique de ne pas le prendre plus de deux semaines consécutives en voie interne"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 345, "l’administration par voie orale n’est pas recommandée"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "ne pas prolonger l’usage […] par voie interne (infusion, teinture-mère) plus de 2 semaines"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "en usage interne pas plus de 15 jours sans l’avis d’un spécialiste"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 325, "ne pas utiliser per os sauf en dilutions homéopathiques"]. Editions Grancher.
Possible minor skin reactions with external use 3
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "légères réactions cutanées"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 305, "de légères réactions cutanées"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "possibles réactions cutanées mineures en usage externe"]. Terre Vivante.
Children
Do not use as a mouthwash or gargle in children under 12 years of age 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1044, "ne pas utiliser […] dans la bouche avant celui de 12 ans"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 405, "les bains de bouches et les gargarismes sont à éviter chez les enfants de moins de douze ans"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "réservé l’usage […] aux enfants de plus de 12 ans pour […] les bains de bouche et les gargarismes"]. Dunod.
Do not use in children under 6 years old 4
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1044, "ne pas utiliser sur la peau avant l’âge de 6 ans"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 405, "en application sur la peau […] déconseillée chez les enfants de moins de six ans"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "n’est pas recommandé […] chez les enfants de moins de 6 ans pour l’usage cutané"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "à proscrire chez […] l’enfant de moins de 6 ans"]. Terre Vivante.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Do not use if pregnant or breast-feeding 7
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 1044, "utilisation non recommandée chez la femme enceinte ou allaitante"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 223, "on la déconseille souvent aux femmes enceintes"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 58, "avoid […] during pregnancy"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary German physician & biologist Grünwald, J., & Jänicke, C. (2006). Guide de la phytothérapie [p. 228, "contre-indiqué lors de la grossesse et l’allaitement"]. Marabout.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1015, "n’est pas recommandé chez les femmes enceintes ou allaitantes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "à proscrire chez la femme enceinte/allaitante"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 409, "contre-indications: femme enceinte ou allaitante"]. Editions Amyris.
Do not use internally during pregnancy or breastfeeding 1
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 405, "les femmes enceintes et qui allaitent peuvent utiliser des infusions de souci en application sur la peau ou en gargarismes"]. Vidal.
Energetics
Tastes
Acrid 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 157, "pungent"]. North Atlantic Books.
Aromatic 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 122, "aromatic"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "aromatique"]. Terre Vivante.
Bitter 4
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 1018, "légère amertume"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 222, "amère (flower)"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 611, "amère"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 157, "bitter"]. North Atlantic Books.
Peppery 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 1017, "saveur poivrée"]. Dunod.
Salty 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 155, "salty"]. North Atlantic Books.
Sweet 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 157, "sweet"]. North Atlantic Books.
Elementary energies
Drying and moistening 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "both drying and moistening"]. North Atlantic Books.
Warm 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 154, "warm"]. North Atlantic Books.
Warm and dry 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 145, "chaud et sec (leaf, flower)"]. Editions Amyris.