Purple starthistle

Introduction

This page is the result of the aggregation of content from 4 sources. At Phyto-info, we have indexed, assembled and synthesized all the information found to summarize it, to make it readable and easy to access. We have carefully selected our sources from recognized and reliable people.

• Physician(s) 2
• Herbalist(s) 1
• Researcher(s) 1

However, Phyto-info is not responsible for what these sources tell us. We only report them in a different format.

Practical information

Family

Asteraceae

Parts used

• Flower
• Leaf
• Root
• Seed

Picking info

• Harvest the flowers and leaves in June at peak bloom in dry weather late morning, dry in the shade, then store away from light in paper bags or airtight jars
• Harvest the root in the autumn and dry it in a well-ventilated, shady place, then store it away from light in paper bags or airtight jars
• Harvest the seeds in late summer or early autumn, when the flower heads are completely dry and the seeds are fully ripe, then store in a cool, dry place away from light

Medicine cabinet

• Dried flower
• Dried leaf
• Dried root
• Dried seed

11 traditional uses

PreparationPartFormUse
Candidiasis 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 3, "candida albicans"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Dermatosis 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "skin disorders"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Dyspepsia 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "digestive […] disorders"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Edema 1 Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "hydropisie"]. Omnibus.			✓	✓
Escherichia coli 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 15, "e. coli"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Fever 4 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "fièvres intermittentes"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "common fever"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5 Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "fièvres intermittentes"]. Omnibus. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 212, "fièvres"]. Editions Vigot.	✓	✓
Icterus 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "jaundice"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Kidney stone 1 Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "gravelle"]. Omnibus.			✓	✓
Leucorrhea 2 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 278, "leucorrhée atonique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "leucorrhée atonique"]. Omnibus.	✓	✓	✓
Pathogen 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 18, "pathogenic strains"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓
Staphylococcal infection 1 Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 15, "s. aureus"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5	✓	✓

Dosages

Internal decoction

• Place approx. 6 g of finely chopped dried roots in 150 ml (1 teacup) of cold water, simmer for 10 minutes, strain, and drink 2 to 3 cups per day for 2 days 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "15 à 60 gr. par kilogramme d’eau"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "15 à 60 g […] de racines […] par litre d’eau, très amère […] à boire en 2 jours"]. Omnibus.

• Place approx. 8g of crushed dried seeds in 150ml (1 teacup) of cold water, simmer for 10 minutes, strain, and drink 2 to 3 cups per day for 2 days 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "50 g de graines ou de racines par litre d’eau (diurétique et tonique)"]. Omnibus.

Internal infusion

• Infuse approx. 4 g of dried leaves or flowers in 150 ml (1 teacup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, strain, and drink 3 to 4 cups per day for 2 days 2

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "15 à 60 g de feuilles, […] de fleurs par litre d’eau, très amère, fébrifuge à boire en 2 jours"]. Omnibus.
  • Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 212, "20 à 60 g par litre d’eau, 3 à 5 tasses par jour"]. Editions Vigot.

11 plant properties

• Anti-bacterial 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "antibacterial"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Anti-tumoral 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "cytotoxic"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Antiophthalmic 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "antiophtalmiques"]. Omnibus.
• Antioxidant 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "antioxidant"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Antiseptic 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 10, "antimicrobial"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Aperitive 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "apéritives"]. Omnibus.
• Astringent 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "astringent"]. Omnibus.
• Diuretic 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "diurétique (root)"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "diurétique (seed, root)"]. Omnibus.
• Febrifuge 3

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "fébrifuges (leaf, flower)"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "fébrifuge (leaf, flower, root)"]. Omnibus.
  • Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 212, "fébrifuge"]. Editions Vigot.
• Tonic 3

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "toniques (leaf, flower)"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "tonique (seed, root)"]. Omnibus.
  • Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 212, "tonique"]. Editions Vigot.
• Vulnerary 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "vulnéraires"]. Omnibus.

37 constituents

• Acetate 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "acétate"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Acetic acid 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "acide acétique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Apigenin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "apigenin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Bisabolene 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "bisabolenes"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Caffeic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "caffeic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Calcitrapic acid 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "acide calcitrapique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "acide calcitrapique"]. Omnibus.
• Calcitrapine 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "calcitrapine"]. Omnibus.
• Centaureidin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "centaureidin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Chlorogenic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "chlorogenic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Chrysoeriol 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "chrysoeriol"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Cnicin 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "cnicin (leaf)"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "cnicine"]. Omnibus.
• Coumarin derivative 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "coumarin derivative"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Esculetin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "aesculetin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Eupatorin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "eupatorin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Ferulic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "ferulic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Flavonoid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "flavonoids"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Flavonol 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "flavonol"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Gallic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "gallic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Gentisic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "gentisic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Gum 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "substance gommeuse"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "gomme"]. Omnibus.
• Hydrochlorate 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "hydrochlorate"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Jaceidin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "jaceidin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Jacéosidine 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "jaceosidin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Kaempferide 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "kaempferide"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Kaempferol 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "kaempferol"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Lignan 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "lignans"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Luteolin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "luteolin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Nepetin 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "nepetin"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• P-coumaric acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "p-coumaric acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Phenolic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "phenolic acids"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Protocatechuic acid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "protocatechuic acid"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Resin 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "résine"]. Omnibus.
• Scutellarein 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 5, "scutellarein"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Sesquiterpene lactone 2

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "sesquiterpene lactones"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 230, "substances amères"]. Omnibus.
• Silica 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "silice"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Sterol 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "sterols"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Triterpenoid 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 2, "triterpenoids"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5

2 common names

• Purple starthistle 1

  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 1, "purple starthistle"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
• Star thistle 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "star thistle"]. Omnibus.

4 scientific names

• Calcitrapa stellata 1

  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "Calcitrapa stellata"]. Omnibus.
• Carduus muriaticus 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 276, "Carduus muriaticus"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Carduus stellatus 1

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 276, "Carduus stellatus"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
• Centaurea calcitrapa 4

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 276, "Centaurea calcitrapa L."]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Contemporary Serbian researchers in biology and phytobiology Dimkić, I., Petrović, M., Gavrilović, M., Gašić, U., Ristivojević, P., Stanković, S., & Janaćković, P. (2020). New perspectives of purple starthistle (Centaurea calcitrapa) leaf extracts: phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity [p. 1, "Centaurea calcitrapa"]. Springer Open. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01120-5
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "Centaurea calcitrapa L."]. Omnibus.
  • Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 212, "Centaurea calcitrapa"]. Editions Vigot.

Conditions of use

Contraindications

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Toxicity

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Side effects

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Drug interactions

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Precautions for use

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Children

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Pregnant or breastfeeding women

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note

Energetics

Tastes

• Bitter 2

  • Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 277, "très-amères (leaf, flower)"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
  • Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 229, "amer"]. Omnibus.

Elementary energies

• The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1

  • Phyto-info note