Introduction
This page is the result of the aggregation of content from 27 sources. At Phyto-info, we have indexed, assembled and synthesized all the information found to summarize it, to make it readable and easy to access. We have carefully selected our sources from recognized and reliable people.
- Physician(s) 6
- Pharmacist(s) 4
- Herbalist(s) 16
- Other 1
- Doctor & Ethnobotanist Dr. Gérard Debuigne is a French doctor, specializing in phytotherapy and nutrition. Hi co-author, Dr. François Couplan is a French ethnobotanist and writer, specializing in the traditional uses of wild edible plants, which he has studied on all five continents and of which he is a pioneer in Europe.
- Physician Dr. Éric Lorrain is a phytotherapist in Grenoble. He chairs the European Institute of Plant Substances and teaches herbal medicine in the context of inter-university degrees and training for health professionals.
- Physicians Dr. Patrick Depoërs graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Lille in 1984; he practices homeopathy, acupuncture, phytotherapy, aromatherapy, nutritherapy and osteopathy in Dunkirk. Dr. Franck Ledoux obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1982 from the Lille University Hospital; He practices holistic medicine. Dr. Philippe Meurin obtained a doctorate in medicine in 1988, he also graduated in acupuncture, homeopathy and phytotherapy; he teaches at the GREAT.
- Physician Dr Jean Morel has been a doctor in Besançon since 1980. A student of Dr. Jean Valnet, he is president of the Franche-Comté Society of Société Franc-comtoise de Phytothérapie et d'Aromathérapie created in 1982. He has been using plants for more than thirty years and is a lecturer in the university degree in phytotherapy and aromatherapy at the faculty of Besançon.
- Physician Dr. Jean Valnet (1920-1995) was a French physician and surgeon, specializing in herbal medicine in the fields of phytotherapy and aromatherapy.
- Physician Dr. François-Joseph Cazin (1788-1864) was a French physician. Author of an imposing Practical and Reasoned Treatise on Indigenous Medicinal Plants, he is considered the ancestor of the French school of phytotherapy.
- Pharmacist Dr Jean Bruneton, honorary university professor, taught pharmacognosy at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Angers for 30 years. He is also a specialist in phytochemistry and has co-authored a hundred international scientific publications.
- Pharmacists Dr. Jacques Fleurentin is a doctor of pharmacy, lecturer at the University of Metz and President of the French Society of Ethnopharmacology. Its co-author, Dr. Jean-Claude Hayon, is a pharmacist and professor of botany.
- Pharmacists Dr. Claudine Luu is a doctor of pharmacy and natural sciences, she founded the Phytofrance laboratory, as well as the oldest herbalist school in France, IMDERPLAM located in the Hérault. Its co-author, Dr. Annie Fournier, is a doctor of pharmacy, specializing in phytotherapy and relaxation therapies.
- Pharmacist Dr. Carole Minker, pharmacist, has studied the traditional uses of medicinal plants by people around the world.
- Herbalist Julie Bruton-Seal is a qualified herbalist, craniosacral practitioner, iridologist and natural healer. She graduated from the Selfheal School, under the direction of Dr. Jill Davies and Christopher Hobbs, in 2000, and is a member of the Association of Master Herborists (AMH). Matthew Seal has a degree in History from the University of Sussex and has worked as an editor and writer in the UK and South Africa since the 1970s.
- Herbalist Becky Cole, based in Northern Ireland, works as a landscaper after studying at NCAD and TCD. She is also an herbalist by training, having studied with mentors such as Juliet Blankespoor, Marysia Miernowska and Jade Shutes, among others.
- Herbalist Dr. François Couplan is a French ethnobotanist and writer, specializing in the traditional uses of wild edible plants, which he has studied on all five continents and of which he is a pioneer in Europe.
- Herbalist Paul-Victor Fournier (1877-1964) was a French canon and botanist. His major work, 'Les quatre flores de France', published between 1934 and 1940, remains a reference work for the identification of plants in the field.
- Herbalist Born in Silchester, Hampshire, Alys Fowler studied at the Royal Horticultural Society, the Royal Botanic Gardens in London, and then the Botanic Gardens in New York, before returning to the UK to complete a master's degree at UCL in 2002. Alys spent a few years presenting the BBC's Gardeners' World series and has since become a prominent horticultural journalist, writing a popular weekly column in the Guardian.
- Herbalist Pierre Lieutaghi (1939-2023) was pursuing research on the relationships between plants and societies in Western Europe. He was scientific manager of the Salagon ethnobotanical garden in Haute Provence. He was one of the best connoisseurs of traditional knowledge in the field of herbal remedies in France.
- Herbalist Thomas Bartram is a medical herbalist. He has lived and worked in Christchurch, Dorset in England. A Fellow of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, the Royal Society of Health and the Health Food Institute, he was also the Editor of the journal 'Health for Herbs'.
- Herbalist Jessica Houdret has a passion for herbs, she has grown them commercially and has led workshops on their many uses. She served on the board of the British Herb Trade Association for several years and served as a director.
- Herbalist Andrew Chevallier is an experienced medical herbalist and author of books on botanical medicine. He is a member and past president of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists and a member of the College of Practitioners of Herbal Medicine. He also helped found the Herbal Medicine Course at Middlesex University.
- Herbalist Marie-Antoinette Mulot (1919-1999) was a French herbalist by virtue of her training as an herbalist at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Montpellier, she was the last to graduate in 1941.
- Herbalist Matthew Wood has been an herbalist for over 35 years in the United States. He holds a Master of Science in the field of medicinal plants from the Scottish School of Herbal Medicine, a degree recognized by the University of Wales in Scotland.
- Herbalist Maria Treben (1907-1991) was an Austrian herbalist and author. She was interested in the 'simples', the ordinary and common healing plants, and collected the recipes and traditional applications of these plants in several books, the most famous of which was 'Gesundheit aus der Apotheke Gottes', translated into 24 languages.
- Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
- Herbalist Terry Breverton, a contemporary British author with a passion for Welsh heritage, has rewritten Culpeper's famous book for a more modern audience. Nicholas Culpeper (1616-1654) was an English botanist known as the poor man's doctor, making herbal medicine accessible to all. His book, commonly referred to as Culpeper's Complete Herbal, was a huge success when it was first published and has been reprinted ever since.
- Herbalist Michel Dubray is an herbalist, a diploma approved by the French community in Belgium. He is also a nutritherapist who graduated from the School of Natural Medicine and Ethnomedicine in Paris.
- Herbalist Christophe Bernard is an herbalist. He studied medicinal plants in the United States for 15 years. Back in his native Provence, he devoted himself to his passion as a health practitioner.
- Journalist Solange Fleurus has been a freelance health journalist for more than fifteen years.
However, Phyto-info is not responsible for what these sources tell us. We only report them in a different format.
Practical information
Family
Plantaginaceae
Parts used
- Leaf
- Seed
Picking info
- Harvest the leaves as needed or dry them in a dry, warm place (the leaves tend to blacken quickly), then store in an airtight container; compost any leaves that turn black
- Harvest the seeds when ripe by picking the heads, spread them on paper to dry completely, remove the seeds, then store in paper bags or jars away from light and moisture
Medicine cabinet
- Dried leaf
- Dried leaf syrup
- Dried seed
- Infused oil of dried leaf
- Tincture of dried leaf
130 traditional uses
Dosages
Poultice externally
Crush a few fresh leaves into a pulp and apply topically as a poultice or, for dental problems, place in a cotton cloth between the gum and lip 12
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 341, "bruised fresh leaves"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 146, "crush or chew, then apply"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "cataplasmes de plantes fraiches broyées"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "le jus des feuilles fraîches (10-30 g) en cataplasme"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "écraser quelques feuilles entre les doigts, appliques [le liquide] sur la zone"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 220, "mash up the leaves and place in a layer of clean cheesecloth, shaping into a small bolus […] place between the gumand the lip"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "on applique les feuilles entières, pilées"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "en utilisant le suc de la plante fraîche en ayant préalablement froissé dans ses mains les feuilles du plantain"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "prendre 3 brins d’herbes différentes et en frictionner l’endroit de la piqûre"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "feuilles fraîches écrasées, préparer au moment d’utilisation et appliquer"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 355, "froissées entre les doigts et posées sur les plaies"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 104, "laver des feuilles fraîches […], les broyer […] pour en faire une bouillie et poser sur la partie malade"]. Ennsthaler.
Internal intake
Sprinkle 1 teaspoon of dried seeds over food one to three times a day 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 146, "1 teaspoonful sprinkled on food, once to three times daily"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
External infusion
Infuse approx. 7 g of dried leaves or 15 g of fresh leaves in 150 ml of cold water for at least 1 hour, bring to a boil, then let cool slightly, strain, and use as a compress, eye bath, gargle, mouthwash, vaginal douche, or sitz bath 3 to 4 times a day 7
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 341, "1oz dried (2oz fresh) herb to 1 pint boiling water, infuse 15 minutes"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "100 g de feuilles de plantain par litre d’eau bouillante […] appliquer en compresse, en gargarisme"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "4 Ã 6 g pour 1/5 de litre en application locale"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "1,5 g de parties aériennes dans 150 ml d’eau froide durant 1 à 2 h […] en bain de bouche ou gargarisme […] 20 g de plantes dans 250 ml d’eau bouillante, […] laisser refroidir, utiliser en bains oculaires"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "15 cl d’eau froide sur 2 cuillères à café rases, laisser reposer […] 1 à 2 h, utiliser 3 à 4 fois par jour en gargarisme"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 355, "40 à 50 g de feuilles dans 1 litre d’eau pendant la nuit, le matin faire bouillir […] une minute, en gargarisme, lavages occulaires ou bains de bouche"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 422, "infusion [10 g pour 100 g d’eau] en gargarisme, bains de bouche, lavages oculaires, irrigations vaginales"]. Editions Vigot.
Internal infusion
Infuse approx. 5 g of dried leaves or 10 g of fresh leaves in 150 ml (1 teacup) of boiling water for 15 minutes off the heat, strain, and drink 2 to 3 cups per day between meals 16
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 341, "thrice daily, 1oz dried (2oz fresh) herb to 1 pint boiling water, infuse 15 minutes"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 146, "a heaped teaspoon of crumbled dry leaf or a freah leaf of plantain per mugful of boiling water and leave to infuse for ten minutes […] three times a day"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 109, "one cup up to three times a day"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "100 g de feuilles de plantain par litre d’eau bouillante"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "verser 150 ml d’eau bouillante sur 1,4 g de feuilles […] 3 à 4 fois par jour"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "4 à 6 g pour 1/4 à 1/2 l d’eau à boire par jour"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "une cuillère à soupe de feuilles séchées dans une tasse d’eau"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "50 à 100 g […] de feuilles pour 1 litre d’eau, 3 tasses par jour"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 220, "1-2 teaspoons of dried herb to 250ml of boiled wter and infuse for 10 minutes, or add 1-2 tablespoons of fresh herb"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "50 à 60 g de plante fraîche entière pour 1 litre d’eau, bouillir 3 mn et infuser 15 mn, 3 à 5 tasses par jour"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "1,5 g de parties aériennes séchées ou fraîches pour 150 ml, 1 tasse 2 à 3 fois par jour"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "infuser 1,5 g de parties aériennes séchées dans 150 ml d’eau bouillante, boire 2 à 4 tasses par jour"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "1,4 g pour 1 tasse à thé (15 cl) d’eau frémissante, 1 à 3 tasses par jour"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 355, "1 cuillérée à soupe pour 1/4 de litre d’eau bouillante […] 2 tasses loin des repas"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 103, "ébouillanter […] 1 cuillérée à café bombée de feuilles avec 1/4 de litre d’eau"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 422, "10 g pour 100 g d’eau 2 à 4 tasses par jour"]. Editions Vigot.
External oil macerate
Apply the infused oil as needed and gently massage the affected area 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 198, "pour calmer toute inflammation de peau, irritation, erythème ou piqûre d’insecte"]. Jouvence Editions.
Syrup internally
Take 1 tablespoon of syrup before each meal 1
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 101, "avant chaque repas, une cuillère à soupe"]. Ennsthaler.
Internal tincture
Take 10 to 20 drops diluted in a glass of water 1 to 3 times a day 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 341, "1-2 teaspoons in water"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 146, "half of one teaspoonful three times a day"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 389, "1-10 drops internally, 1-3x/day"]. North Atlantic Books.
49 plant properties
Analgesic 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 856, "analgésique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "antalgique"]. Terre Vivante.
Anti-allergic 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "anti-allergy"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "antiallergiques"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antiallergique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "antiallergiques"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 572, "anti-allergiques"]. Editions Grancher.
Anti-bacterial 10
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "anti-bacterial"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "antibactérienne"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "antibactérienne"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "antibactérienne"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 220, "antibacterial"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 201, "antibacterial"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "antibactérien (fresh leaf)"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "antibactérien"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "antibactérien"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "antibactérienne (fresh leaf)"]. Editions Grancher.
Anti-catarrhal 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 259, "anticatarrhal"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "anticatarrhal"]. Actes Sud.
Anti-diarrhoeic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 145, "antidiarrhoeal"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "antidiarrhéique"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antidiarrhéique"]. Dunod.
Anti-inflammatory 12
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "anti-inflammatory"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "anti-inflammatoires"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 572, "anti-inflammatoire (fresh leaf)"]. Editions Grancher.
Anti-irritant 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "anti-irritations"]. Larousse.
Anti-peptic ulcer 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antiulcéreuse"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "antiulcéreux"]. Terre Vivante.
Anti-tumoral 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "cytotoxique"]. Dunod.
Antidiabetic 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antidiabétique"]. Dunod.
Antifungal 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 856, "antifongique"]. Dunod.
Antihistamine 7
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "anti-histamine"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 144, "antihistamine"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antihistaminique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "antihistamine"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "antihistaminique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "antihistaminique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "anti-histaminiques"]. Editions Grancher.
Antileukemic 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "antileucémiques"]. Dunod.
Antiophthalmic 2
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 355, "antiophtalmique"]. Actes Sud.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "anti-ophtalmique"]. Editions Vigot.
Antioxidant 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antioxydants"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antioxydante"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "antioxydant"]. Larousse.
Antipruritic 4
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "antiprurigineux"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antiprurigineux"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antiprurigineux"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "antiprurigineux"]. Terre Vivante.
Antiseptic 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "antimicrobial"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "évitent l’infection"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antimicrobien"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "antiseptic"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "anti-infectieuses"]. Dunod.
Antispasmodic 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antispasmodique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "antispasmodique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "spasmolytique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "spasmolytiques"]. Editions Grancher.
Antitussive 6
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "antitussive"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antitussif"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "calme la toux"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antitussive"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "antitussive"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "antitussifs"]. Editions Grancher.
Antiviral 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "antivirales"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antivirale"]. Dunod.
Astringent 12
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "astringent"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "astringent"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "astringent"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "astringent"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "astringente"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "astringentes"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "astringent"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "astringent"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "astringente"]. Dunod.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "astringentes"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "astringent"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "astringent"]. North Atlantic Books.
Bronchodilator 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "bronchodilatrice"]. Dunod.
Coagulant 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "staunches blood flow"]. Penguin Random House.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "augmente la coagulabilité sanguine"]. Editions Vigot.
Cytoprotective 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "cytoprotectrices"]. Dunod.
Demulcent 12
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "adoucissant"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 145, "soothing effect"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 109, "soothing"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "adoucir la peau et les muqueuses"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "adoucissante"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "adoucissant"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "adoucissantes"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "adoucissantes"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "demulcent"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "adoucissant"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "adoucissant"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "adoucissant"]. Terre Vivante.
Depurative 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "dépuratives"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 181, "dépuratives"]. Editions Grancher.
Diuretic 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "diuretic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "diuretic"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "diuretic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "diuretic"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "diurétique"]. Dunod.
Emollient 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "emollient"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "émolliente"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "émollients"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "émollientes"]. Dunod.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "émollient"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "emollient"]. North Atlantic Books.
Expectorant 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "expectorant"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 259, "expectorant"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 109, "expectorant"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "expectorant"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "facilite l’expectoration"]. Actes Sud.
Febrifuge 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "antipyrétique"]. Dunod.
Free radical scavenger 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "antiradicaux libres"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "antiradicalaire"]. Dunod.
Gastric antacid 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "antacid"]. Robinson.
Haemostatic 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "anti-haemorrhagic"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "anti-hémorrgique"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "hémostatique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "hémostatique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "hémostatique"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "hémostatiques"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Hemolytic 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "hémolytique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Hepatoprotective 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "protecteurs du foie"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 856, "hépatoprotecteur"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "hépatoprotecteur"]. Terre Vivante.
Hypocholesterolemic 3
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "reduces high cholesterol (seed)"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 856, "hypolipémiant"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "hypocholestérolémiant"]. Terre Vivante.
Hypotriglyceridemic 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "reduces […] triglycerides levels (seed)"]. Quercus.
Immunomodulator 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "immunomodulatrice"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "immuno-modulante (fresh leaf)"]. Editions Grancher.
Immunostimulant 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "immunostimulante"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "immunostimulante"]. Dunod.
Laxative 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "laxative"]. Dunod.
Mucilaginous 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "lymphatic"]. Robinson.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "mucilagineuses"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "mucilagineuse"]. Terre Vivante.
Mucolytic 3
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "mucolytique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "mucolytique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "mucolytiques"]. Editions Grancher.
Nutritive 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "nutritive"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Restorative 1
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "reconstituant général"]. Actes Sud.
Sedative 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 772, "calmantes"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "apaisant"]. Larousse.
Tonic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "spring tonic"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "tonique"]. Actes Sud.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 355, "tonique général"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Trophic protector 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "trophique protecteur"]. Lavoisier.
Uricosuric 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "increases uric acid excretion by the kidneys"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "élimination rénale de l’acide urique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "uricosurique"]. Terre Vivante.
Vulnerary 15
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "vulnerary"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "cicatrisante"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 144, "vulnerary"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "vulnerary"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "cicatrisante"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "cicatrisent les blessures"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "hâter la cicatrisation"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "cicatrisantes"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 860, "cicatrisantes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "favorisant la cicatrisation"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "cicatrisant"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "favorise la cicatrisation"]. Editions Grancher.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 101, "vulnéraire"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 112, "vulnéraires"]. Editions Amyris.
105 constituents
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide para-hydroxybenzoïque"]. Dunod.
6-hydroxy-lutein 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "6-hydroxy-lutéine"]. Dunod.
Alkaline salts 1
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "sels alcalins"]. Editions Vigot.
Alkaloid 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "alcaloïdes"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïdes"]. Dunod.
Allantoin 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "allantoin"]. North Atlantic Books.
Apigenin 7
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "apigenin"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "apigénine"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "apigénine"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "flavonoïde apigénine"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "apigénine"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "flavonoïde apigénine"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "apigénine"]. Editions Grancher.
Arabinogalactan 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "arabinogalactane"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "arabinogalactane"]. Editions Grancher.
Arabinose 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "arabinose"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "arabinose"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "l-arabinose"]. Editions Grancher.
Arenain 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïde arénaïne"]. Dunod.
Asperuloside 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "aspérulodide"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "aspéruloside"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "iridoïde aspéruloside"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "aspéruloside"]. Editions Grancher.
Aucubin 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "aucubin"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "aucubine"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "aucubine"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "aucubine"]. Dunod.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "aucubine"]. Editions Vigot.
Aucuboside 8
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "aucuboside"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "iridoïde aucuboside"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "aucuboside"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "aucuboside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "aucuboside"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "iridoïde aucuboside"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "aucuboside"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "aucuboside"]. Editions Grancher.
Auculoside 1
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "auculoside"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Baicalein 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "baïcaléine"]. Dunod.
Caffeic acid 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "acide phénol caféique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide caféique"]. Terre Vivante.
Calcium 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Ca"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "calcium"]. North Atlantic Books.
Catalpol 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "catalpol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "catalpol"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "iridoïde catalpol"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "catalpol"]. Editions Grancher.
Chlorine salts 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "sels de chlore"]. Omnibus.
Chlorogenic acid 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "acide phénol chlorogénique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide chlorogénique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide chlorogénique"]. Terre Vivante.
Choline 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïde choline"]. Dunod.
Cistanoside 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "cistanoside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "cis-tanoside"]. Dunod.
Citric acid 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "acide citrique"]. Omnibus.
Coumarin 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "coumarines"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "coumarines"]. Larousse.
Dietary fiber 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 145, "dietary fibre (seed)"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Emulsin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "émulsine"]. Omnibus.
Esculetin 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "coumarine esculétol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "coumarine esculétol"]. Dunod.
Essential oil 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "huile essentielle"]. Larousse.
Fatty acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "acides gras"]. Dunod.
Ferulic acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide férulique"]. Dunod.
Flavone 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "flavones"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Flavone glycoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "hétérosides flavoniques"]. Dunod.
Flavonoid 13
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "flavonoids"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "flavonoïdes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "flavonoids"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "flavonoïdes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "flavonoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "flavonoids"]. North Atlantic Books.
Fumaric acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide fumarique"]. Dunod.
Galactose 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "galactose"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "galactose"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "d-galactose"]. Editions Grancher.
Galacturonic acid 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "acide galacturonique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide galacturonique"]. Dunod.
Gentisic acid 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide gentisique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide gentisique"]. Terre Vivante.
Globularine 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "globularine"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "globularine"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "iridoïde globularine"]. Terre Vivante.
Glucomannan 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucomannane"]. Dunod.
Glucose 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucose"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "sugars"]. North Atlantic Books.
Glucoside 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "glucoside"]. Omnibus.
Glucuronic acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide glucuronique"]. Dunod.
Gum 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "gommes"]. Omnibus.
Hispidulin 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "flavonoïde hispiduline"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "hispiduline"]. Dunod.
Hispidulin glucoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucoside d’hispiduline"]. Dunod.
Hydroxybenzoic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide hydroxybenzoïque"]. Terre Vivante.
Indicaine 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "indicaïne"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïde indicaïne"]. Dunod.
Invertin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "invertine"]. Omnibus.
Iridoid 12
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "iridoids"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "iridoïdes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "iridoids"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "iridoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "iridoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "iridoïde"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "glucosides iridoides"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "iridoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "glycosides iridoïdes"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "iridoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "iridoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "iridoïdes"]. Editions Grancher.
Iridoid glycoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "hétérosides iridoïdiques"]. Dunod.
Iron 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "fer"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Fe"]. Dunod.
Isoacteoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "isoactéoside"]. Dunod.
Kaempferol glucoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucoside de kaempférol"]. Dunod.
Lavendulifolioside 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "lavandulifolioside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "lavendulifolioside"]. Dunod.
Lipid 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "fixed oils"]. North Atlantic Books.
Luteolin 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "flavonoïde lutéoline"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "lutéoline"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "flavonoïde lutéoline"]. Terre Vivante.
Luteolin glucoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucoside de lutéoline"]. Dunod.
Magnesium 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "magnesium"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "magnésium"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Mg"]. Dunod.
Majoroside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "majoroside"]. Dunod.
Mannose 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "mannose"]. Dunod.
Mineral salt 1
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "sels minéraux"]. Larousse.
Minerals 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "minerals"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "minéraux"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "minéraux"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "minéraux"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "minerals"]. North Atlantic Books.
Mucilage 16
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 145, "mucilage"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "mucilage"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "mucilage"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "mucilage"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "mucilage"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "mucilage"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "mucilages"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Fleurus, S. (2019). Phytothérapie minute : les 94 plantes incontournables pour soigner efficacement tous les maux du quotidien [p. 158, "mucilage"]. Editions Contre-dires.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "mucilage"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "mucilages"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "mucilages"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "mucilages"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "mucilages"]. Editions Grancher.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "mucilage"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 88, "mucilages"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "mucilage"]. North Atlantic Books.
Neopetin 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "néopétine"]. Dunod.
Noscapine 2
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "noscapine"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïde noscapine"]. Dunod.
Oxalic acid 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "acide oxalique"]. Omnibus.
P-coumaric acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide para-coumarique"]. Dunod.
Pectin 3
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "pectine"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "pectine"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "pectine"]. Editions Vigot.
Phenolic acid 8
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "acides-phénols"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "acides-phénols"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "acides-phénols"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "acides phénols"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acides phénols libres"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acides phénols"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "acides phénoliques"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "acides phénols"]. Editions Grancher.
Phenolic compound 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "composés phénoliques"]. Lavoisier.
Phenylethanoid 5
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "phényl-éthanoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "phényléthanoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "phényléthanoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "phényléthanoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "phényléthanoïdes"]. Editions Grancher.
Phenylpropanoid glycoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "hétérosides phénylpropanoïques"]. Editions Grancher.
Phosphorus 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "phosphorus"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "P"]. Dunod.
Phytosterol 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "stérols"]. Dunod.
Plantagonine 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "alcaloïde plantagonine"]. Dunod.
Plantamajoside 5
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "plantamajoside"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "plantamajoside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "plantamajoside"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "plantamajoside"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "plantamajoside"]. Editions Grancher.
Polyphenol 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "polyphénols"]. Larousse.
Polysaccharide 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "polysaccharides"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "polysaccharides"]. Editions Grancher.
Potassium 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "potassium"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "potassium"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "K+"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "potassium"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "potassium"]. North Atlantic Books.
Potassium salts 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "sels de potasse"]. Omnibus.
Protein 1
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "protéines complètes"]. Larousse.
Protocatechuic acid 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide protocatéchique"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide protocatéchique"]. Terre Vivante.
Quercetin 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "quercétine"]. Dunod.
Quercetin glucoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucoside de quercétine"]. Dunod.
Rhamnoarabinogalactan 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "rhamnoarabinogalactane"]. Dunod.
Rhamnogalacturonan 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "rhamnogalacturonane"]. Dunod.
Rhamnose 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "rhamnose"]. Dunod.
Salicylic acid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "acide salicylique"]. Dunod.
Saponin 4
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "saponoside"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "saponoside"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "saponosides"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 180, "saponosides"]. Editions Grancher.
Scutellarein 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "scutellaréine"]. Dunod.
Scutellarin glucoside 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "glucoside de scutellaréine"]. Dunod.
Selenium 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Se"]. Dunod.
Silicic acid 4
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "acide silicique"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "acide silicique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "acide silicique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "acide silicique"]. Larousse.
Sodium 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Na"]. Dunod.
Sulfur 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "S"]. Dunod.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "soufre"]. Editions Vigot.
Tannin 16
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "tannin"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 143, "tannins"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "tanins"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "tanins"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "tanins"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 773, "tanin"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "tanins"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "tanins"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 287, "tanins"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "tanin"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "tanin"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 88, "tanins"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "tannins"]. North Atlantic Books.
Terpenoid 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "terpénoïdes"]. Dunod.
Triterpene 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "triterpènes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "triterpènes"]. Dunod.
Ursolic acid 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "acide ursolique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 854, "acide ursolique"]. Dunod.
Verbascoside 6
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "verbascoside"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "actéoside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 855, "verbascoside"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "phényléthanoïde actéoside"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "actéoside"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 331, "verbascoside"]. Editions Grancher.
Vitamin 2
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 853, "vitamines"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "vitamines"]. Larousse.
Vitamin A 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "vitamine A"]. Dunod.
Vitamin B 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "vitamine B"]. Dunod.
Vitamin C 3
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "vitamine C"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "vitamine C"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "vitamin C"]. North Atlantic Books.
Vitamin K 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "vitamine K"]. Dunod.
Zinc 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "zinc"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 852, "Zn"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 324, "zinc"]. Larousse.
13 common names
Englishman’s foot 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "Englishman’s foot"]. Quercus.
Broad-leaved plantain 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "broad-leaved plantain"]. Quercus.
Broadleaf major 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "broadleaf major"]. Penguin.
Common plantain 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "common plantain"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "common plantain"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "common plantain"]. Penguin Random House.
Greater plantain 2
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "greater plantain"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 143, "greater plantain"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Plantain (Plantago major) 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "plantain"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "plantain"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 143, "plantain"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "plantain"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "plantain"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 201, "plantain"]. Hermes House.
Rat tail plantain 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "rat tail plantain"]. Quercus.
Rat’s tail 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "rat’s tail"]. Robinson.
Ripple grass 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "ripple grass"]. Quercus.
Snakeweed 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "snakeweed"]. Quercus.
Waybread 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "waybread"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "waybread"]. Quercus.
Waybroad 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 201, "waybroad"]. Hermes House.
White man’s foot 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "white man’s foot"]. Quercus.
2 scientific names
Plantago major 25
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 340, "Plantago major L."]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 146, "P. major"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 268, "Plantago major"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 139, "P. major L."]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 143, "Plantago major"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 859, "Plantago major L."]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 258, "Plantago major"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "Plantago major"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 134, "Plantago major"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 134, "Plantago major"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "Plantago major"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 258, "Plantago major L."]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 346, "Plantago major L."]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 771, "Plantago major L."]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "Plantago major"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 201, "Plantago major"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 353, "P. major L."]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 851, "Plantago major L."]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 520, "Plantago major"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "Plantago major"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 181, "Plantago major"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 354, "Plantago major"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century Austrian herbalist Treben, M. (2017). La santé à la pharmacie du Bon Dieu : conseils d'utilisation des plantes médicinales [p. 101, "Plantago major"]. Ennsthaler.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 421, "Plantago major"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 140, "Plantago major"]. Editions Amyris.
Plantago majus 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "Plantago majus"]. North Atlantic Books.
Conditions of use
Contraindications
Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to active substances 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 857, "hypersensibilité aux substances actives"]. Dunod.
Toxicity
None 2
- Contemporary French doctor in ethnobotany Couplan, F. (2021). Bienvenue aux mauvaises herbes du jardin : elles soignent, elles nourrissent ou sont tout simplement esthétiques [p. 135, "aucun plantain n’est toxique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 857, "aucune"]. Dunod.
Side effects
Risk of allergic reactions 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 259, "réactions allergiques"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Risk of dyspnea, fever or purulent sputum when used for its ENT indications 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "consulter un médecin si apparition de dyspnée, de fièvre ou de crachats purulents lors de l’utilisation dans ses indications ORL"]. Dunod.
Risk of hypotensive effects at high doses 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 259, "à hautes doses effets hypotenseurs"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "à hautes doses, […] effets hypotenseurs"]. Terre Vivante.
Risk of laxative effects at high doses 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 259, "à hautes doses effets laxatifs"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "à hautes doses, […] effets laxatifs"]. Terre Vivante.
Drug interactions
None known 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 259, "aucune connue"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "aucune"]. Dunod.
Precautions for use
Do not confuse with Plantago ovata 1
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 861, "ne pas confondre avec Plantago ovata […] dont les indications sont différentes"]. Dunod.
Do not confuse with woolly foxglove, a poisonous species 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "attention aux confusions possibles avec la digitale laineuse, une espèce toxique"]. Larousse.
Do not exceed 3 to 6 g of plant powder per day 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 325, "ne dépassez pas 3 à 6 g de plantain par jour"]. Larousse.
No precautions at recommended doses 3
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "aucune précaution d’emploi aux doses recommandées"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 217, "none known"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 858, "aucune"]. Dunod.
Pollen can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 140, "le pollen des plantains est assez souvent impliqué dans les allergies saisonnières"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 520, "le pollen peut donner des réactions allergiques chez les personnes sensibles"]. Terre Vivante.
Children
Do not use in children under 3 years of age 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 347, "déconseillé chez l’enfant de moins de 3 ans"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 857, "pas recommandée chez les enfants de moins de 3 ans"]. Dunod.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Do not use if pregnant or breast-feeding 3
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 259, "certains la déconseillent aux femmes enceintes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French physician Lorrain, E. (2019). Grand manuel de phytothérapie [p. 857, "pas recommandée chez la femme enceinte ou allaitante"]. Dunod.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "déconseillent aux femmes enceintes"]. Terre Vivante.
Energetics
Tastes
Bitter 4
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 143, "bitter"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 859, "amère"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 354, "amer"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 387, "bitter"]. North Atlantic Books.
Mushroom 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 521, "saveur légère de champignon"]. Terre Vivante.
Elementary energies
Cool and dry 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 140, "froid et sec (leaf)"]. Editions Amyris.
Cooling and moistening 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 108, "cooling and moistening"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 385, "cooling […] moistening"]. North Atlantic Books.
Drying 1
- Contemporary French physicians Depoërs, P., Ledoux, F., & Meurin, P. (2002). La phytothérapie entre science et tradition [p. 216, "asséchant"]. Editions Amyris & Inspir.