Introduction
This page is the result of the aggregation of content from 30 sources. At Phyto-info, we have indexed, assembled and synthesized all the information found to summarize it, to make it readable and easy to access. We have carefully selected our sources from recognized and reliable people.
- Physician(s) 4
- Pharmacist(s) 6
- Herbalist(s) 17
- Other 3
- Physician Dr. Jean Valnet (1920-1995) was a French physician and surgeon, specializing in herbal medicine in the fields of phytotherapy and aromatherapy.
- Doctor & Ethnobotanist Dr. Gérard Debuigne is a French doctor, specializing in phytotherapy and nutrition. Hi co-author, Dr. François Couplan is a French ethnobotanist and writer, specializing in the traditional uses of wild edible plants, which he has studied on all five continents and of which he is a pioneer in Europe.
- Physician Dr. François-Joseph Cazin (1788-1864) was a French physician. Author of an imposing Practical and Reasoned Treatise on Indigenous Medicinal Plants, he is considered the ancestor of the French school of phytotherapy.
- Physician Dr Jean Morel has been a doctor in Besançon since 1980. A student of Dr. Jean Valnet, he is president of the Franche-Comté Society of Société Franc-comtoise de Phytothérapie et d'Aromathérapie created in 1982. He has been using plants for more than thirty years and is a lecturer in the university degree in phytotherapy and aromatherapy at the faculty of Besançon.
- Pharmacist Dr. Gilles Corjon is a doctor of pharmacy. Dr. Gilles Corjon is a doctor of pharmacy. Co-manager of a traditional herbalist shop for more than 25 years, he is currently a teacher and scientific director at the Lyon School of Medicinal Plants and Natural Knowledge.
- Pharmacists Dr. Claudine Luu is a doctor of pharmacy and natural sciences, she founded the Phytofrance laboratory, as well as the oldest herbalist school in France, IMDERPLAM located in the HĂ©rault. Its co-author, Dr. Annie Fournier, is a doctor of pharmacy, specializing in phytotherapy and relaxation therapies.
- Pharmacist Dr Jean Bruneton, honorary university professor, taught pharmacognosy at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Angers for 30 years. He is also a specialist in phytochemistry and has co-authored a hundred international scientific publications.
- Pharmacists Dr. Jacques Fleurentin is a doctor of pharmacy, lecturer at the University of Metz and President of the French Society of Ethnopharmacology. Its co-author, Dr. Jean-Claude Hayon, is a pharmacist and professor of botany.
- Pharmacist Dr. Carole Minker, pharmacist, has studied the traditional uses of medicinal plants by people around the world.
- Researcher, Pharmacist & Herbalist Dr Monique Simmonds is Deputy Director of Science at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and has over 30 years' experience in different aspects of medicinal plant research. Dr Melanie-Jayne Howes, a registered pharmacist and chemist, completed a PhD in pharmacognosy before being appointed Plant Chemist at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Jason Irving is an herbalist and over the past five years has taught hundreds of people how to find, identify and use wild plants at his foraging and herbal medicine courses in London.
- Herbalist Michel Pierre, a trained pharmacy technician, began his career in a pharmacy that manufactured its own medicines. He has been running the Herboristerie du Palais Royal in Paris since 1972.
- Herbalist Terry Breverton, a contemporary British author with a passion for Welsh heritage, has rewritten Culpeper's famous book for a more modern audience. Nicholas Culpeper (1616-1654) was an English botanist known as the poor man's doctor, making herbal medicine accessible to all. His book, commonly referred to as Culpeper's Complete Herbal, was a huge success when it was first published and has been reprinted ever since.
- Herbalist Julie Bruton-Seal is a qualified herbalist, craniosacral practitioner, iridologist and natural healer. She graduated from the Selfheal School, under the direction of Dr. Jill Davies and Christopher Hobbs, in 2000, and is a member of the Association of Master Herborists (AMH). Matthew Seal has a degree in History from the University of Sussex and has worked as an editor and writer in the UK and South Africa since the 1970s.
- Herbalist Thomas Bartram is a medical herbalist. He has lived and worked in Christchurch, Dorset in England. A Fellow of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, the Royal Society of Health and the Health Food Institute, he was also the Editor of the journal 'Health for Herbs'.
- Herbalist Pierre Lieutaghi (1939-2023) was pursuing research on the relationships between plants and societies in Western Europe. He was scientific manager of the Salagon ethnobotanical garden in Haute Provence. He was one of the best connoisseurs of traditional knowledge in the field of herbal remedies in France.
- Herbalist Becky Cole, based in Northern Ireland, works as a landscaper after studying at NCAD and TCD. She is also an herbalist by training, having studied with mentors such as Juliet Blankespoor, Marysia Miernowska and Jade Shutes, among others.
- Herbalist Born in Silchester, Hampshire, Alys Fowler studied at the Royal Horticultural Society, the Royal Botanic Gardens in London, and then the Botanic Gardens in New York, before returning to the UK to complete a master's degree at UCL in 2002. Alys spent a few years presenting the BBC's Gardeners' World series and has since become a prominent horticultural journalist, writing a popular weekly column in the Guardian.
- Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
- Herbalist Christophe Bernard is an herbalist. He studied medicinal plants in the United States for 15 years. Back in his native Provence, he devoted himself to his passion as a health practitioner.
- Herbalist Matthew Wood has been an herbalist for over 35 years in the United States. He holds a Master of Science in the field of medicinal plants from the Scottish School of Herbal Medicine, a degree recognized by the University of Wales in Scotland.
- Herbalist Paul-Victor Fournier (1877-1964) was a French canon and botanist. His major work, 'Les quatre flores de France', published between 1934 and 1940, remains a reference work for the identification of plants in the field.
- Herbalist Marie-Antoinette Mulot (1919-1999) was a French herbalist by virtue of her training as an herbalist at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Montpellier, she was the last to graduate in 1941.
- Herbalist Andrew Chevallier is an experienced medical herbalist and author of books on botanical medicine. He is a member and past president of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists and a member of the College of Practitioners of Herbal Medicine. He also helped found the Herbal Medicine Course at Middlesex University.
- Herbalist Paul Iserin is head of the phytotherapy department at the Bobigny Faculty of Medicine.
- Herbalist Michel Dubray is an herbalist, a diploma approved by the French community in Belgium. He is also a nutritherapist who graduated from the School of Natural Medicine and Ethnomedicine in Paris.
- Herbalist Jessica Houdret has a passion for herbs, she has grown them commercially and has led workshops on their many uses. She served on the board of the British Herb Trade Association for several years and served as a director.
- Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
- Journalist Philippe Chavanne is a French journalist and writer. He writes books that put nature and its benefits back at the center of daily life.
- Journalist Sophie Lacoste, editor-in-chief of Rebelle-Santé magazine, has also run the health section of TV magazine for around twenty years.
- Publisher Dr. Anne-Claire Gagnon and colleagues wrote this book published by Éditions Vidal, a specialist in health information. It provides scientifically validated information on the benefits of medicinal plants.
However, Phyto-info is not responsible for what these sources tell us. We only report them in a different format.
Practical information
Family
Rosaceae
Parts used
- Fruit
- Leaf
- Petal
Picking info
- Pick fruits before or after the first frost, dry them in a dry and soft place, then store them in airtight jars away from moisture and light
- Pick the leaves in the spring, dry them in a dry and soft place, then store them in airtight jars away from moisture and light
- Pick the slightly opened flower buds in the morning in dry weather, gently detach the petals before drying them quickly in a warm and ventilated place away from the sun, then store them tightly packed in airtight jars away from light
Medicine cabinet
- Dried fruit
- Dried fruit powder
- Dried fruit syrup
- Dried leaf
- Dried petal
- Infused oil of dried fruit
- Infused oil of dried petals
90 traditional uses
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Acne 2
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Allergy 2
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Anemia 1
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Angina pectoris 1
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Anxiety 3
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Arrhythmia 1
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Arthritis 4
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Asthenia 11
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Blepharitis 1
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Bronchitis 2
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Burn 2
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Candidiasis 1
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Capillary fragility 1
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Chill 5
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Cold 8
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Colic 1
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Colitis 3
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Constipation 4
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Convalescence 5
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Cystitis 1
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Depression 2
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Dermatitis 6
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Dermatosis 2
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Diarrhea 18
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Digestive atony 1
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Dry cough 1
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Dry skin 1
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Dysentery 4
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Dysmenorrhea 1
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Dyspepsia 2
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Ear nose and throat infection (ENT) 1
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Ecchymosis 1
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Eczema 2
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Edema 1
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Enteritis 2
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Enuresis 1
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Epistaxis 1
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Erectile dysfunction (ED) 1
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Fever 3
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Furuncle 2
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Gastralgia 3
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Gastritis 3
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Gastroenteritis 1
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Gingivitis 2
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Gonarthrosis 1
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Gonorrhea 1
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Gout 1
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Hemoptysis 2
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Hemorrhage 4
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Herpes 2
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Hypercholesterolemia 1
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Incontinence 1
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Influenza 11
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Insomnia 2
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Intestinal parasite infection 6
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Kidney disorder 2
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Kidney stone 6
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Leucorrhea 5
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Menopausal disorder 2
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Mictional disorder 1
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Nasal congestion 1
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Nausea 2
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Nephritis 2
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Nervousness 1
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Neurasthenia 1
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Osteoarthritis 6
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Osteoporosis 2
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Palpitation 1
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Pharyngitis 4
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Pimple 1
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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) 1
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Pruritus 2
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Respiratory inflammation 1
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Rheumatism 5
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Rhinorrhea 1
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Rosacea 1
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Sagging skin 1
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Sciatica 1
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Scurvy 1
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Sinusitis 1
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Skin care 1
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Sore 3
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Stomach ulcer 2
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Throat infection 1
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Tonsillitis 2
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Tuberculosis 2
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Vaginitis 1
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Varicose ulcer 1
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Vitamin deficiency 2
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Wrinkle 1
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Dosages
Internal intake
Consume fresh and raw fruit reasonably by removing irritating hair and toxic seeds 1
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "frais et crus […] à utiliser raisonablement pour ne pas irriter l’estomac, en évitant d’avaler le poil à gratter"]. Leduc.
Internal decoction
Put approx. 4 g of dried berries in 150 ml (1 tea cup) of cold water, let simmer for 10 minutes, filter carefully and drink 3 to 4 cups a day 15
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "40 à 50 g de cynorrhodons pour 1 litre d’eau bouillante à boire dans […] la journée"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "50 g de cynorrhodons concassés pour 1 litre d’eau […]. Filtrer soigneusement"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "30 g de cynorrhodons par litre d’eau […], 3 ou 4 tasses par jour"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 125, "verser de l’eau bouillante sur 2 à 2,5 g d’églantier fragmenté, infuser 10 à 15 minutes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "2 à 5 g de cynorrhodon dans respectivement 1/4 à 1/2 litre d’eau à boire dans la journée"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "50 g par litre d’eau comme antiscorbutique ou diurétique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 197, "30 baies [fraîches] coupées par litre d’eau à laisser infuser 5 minutes, filtrez, buvez au moins 3 tasses par jour"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 197, "30 g [de baies sèches] par litre d’eau à laisser bouillir 5 minutes à petit feu, filtrez, buvez au moins 3 tasses par jour"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "30 à 50 g de fruits concassés par litre d’eau, bouillir 5 mn à petit feu, infuser 15 mn, filtrez, boire à volonté"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "2 à 2,5 g de cynorrhodons fragmentés/tasse durant 10 minutes, bien filtrer et boire 3 tasses/jour"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 357, "2 à 2,5 g de fruits pour une tasse […] en décoction"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 173, "une dizaine de fruits à écraser pour 1/4 de litre d’eau froide, faire bouillir 4 à 5 minutes, laisser infuser 10 minutes, boire 1 tasse chaude midi et soir"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "deux à trois tasses par jour […] en décoction pendant cinq minutes à raison d’une cuillerée à café par tasse"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "5 à 10 baies par tasse, bouillir 2 minutes, passer au linge fin, 3 ou 4 tasses par jour"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "1 cuillère à café [de cynorrhodon] par tasse, infusion 10 minutes, 2 à 3 tasses par jour"]. Editions Amyris.
External infusion
Infuse approx. 4 g dried leaves in 150 ml (1 teacup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, filter and use lukewarm in compresses, washes, eyewashes, gargles, mouthwashes or sitz baths 1
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "feuilles coupées : une cuillère à dessert par tasse, infuser 10 minutes"]. Editions Vigot.
Infuse approx. 8 g of dried petals in 150 ml (1 tea cup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, filter and use lukewarm in compresses, washes, eye baths, gargles, gargles, mouthwashes or sitz baths 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 357, "la fleur en infusion concentrée (50 à 60 g par litre d’eau)"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 32, "standard Infusion, 2-4 ounces [rose petals]"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
Internal infusion
Infuse approx. 2 g of dried petals in 150 ml (1 tea cup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, filter and drink 2 to 4 cups per day 5
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "1 c. à c. de fleur pour 15 cl d’eau frémissante […] deux à trois prises quotidiennes"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "infusion de fleurs […] une cuillerée à dessert par tasse, infuser 10 minutes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 357, "2 à 3 g de pétales séchés pour 15 cl d’eau frémissante […] 1 à 3 tasses par jour"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 32, "standard Infusion, 2-4 ounces [rose petals]"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "fleurs […] : une cuillère à dessert par tasse […] 3 ou 4 tasses par jour"]. Editions Vigot.
Infuse approx. 4g of dried leaves in 150ml (1 teacup) of boiling water for 10-15 minutes off the heat, strain, and drink 3-4 cups per day 2
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "30 à 40 grammes [de feuilles séchées] pour 1 litre, laisser infuser 10 minutes"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "feuilles coupées : une cuillère à dessert par tasse […] 3 ou 4 tasses par jour"]. Editions Vigot.
External oil macerate
Apply the oily macerate every evening on moist skin, leave on for 30 minutes then wipe off the excess 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 54, "appliquer tous les soirs sur peau humide. laisser agir une bonne demi-heure, essuyer le surplus"]. Robert Jauze.
Powder of dried plants internal intake
Take 2 g dried rosehip powder per day 3
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "poudre de plante sèche [cynorrhodon] : 2 g [par jour]"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 197, "sec en farine, fruits séchés broyés, à mélanger à de la farine de blé"]. Leduc.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 173, "3 g de poudre dans un petit verre de vin blanc, laisser infuser 7 à 8 heures, prendre 1/4 d’heure avant le coucher 1 jour sur 2"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Syrup internally
Take 1 teaspoon of syrup 2 times daily 2
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 200, "take a teaspoonfull or two daily"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English Researcher, Doctor of Pharmacy and Herbalist Simmonds, M., Howes, M.-J., & Irving, J. (2016). The gardener's companion to medicinal plants: an A-Z of healing plants and home remedies [p. 163, "a dessertspoonful of the syrup twice a day"]. Frances Lincoln.
35 plant properties
Anti-diarrhoeic 4
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "antidiarrhoeal"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "anti-diarrhéique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "anti-diarrhéique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "antidiarrhéique"]. Terre Vivante.
Anti-flu 1
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "antigrippales"]. Actes Sud.
Anti-inflammatory 7
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "anti-inflammatory"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-peptic ulcer 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "anti-ulcérogène"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-scorbutic 7
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "antiscorbutiques"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "antiscorbutiques"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "antiscorbutique"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "antiscorbutiques (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "antiscorbutiques"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "antiscorbutique"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "antiscorbutique"]. Editions Amyris.
Antianemic 2
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "antianémiques"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "antianémique"]. Editions Vigot.
Antidepressive 2
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 277, "antidepressant"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "lifting depression"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Antioxidant 7
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "antioxydant"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "antioxydant"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "antioxydant"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "antioxidants"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "antioxydant"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "antioxydant"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "antioxidant (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Antiperspirant 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "antisudoral"]. Omnibus.
Antiseptic 4
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "anti-infectieuse"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "antiseptique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "antiseptique"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "antiseptiques (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
Antispasmodic 4
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "reducing the spasms"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "antispasmodic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "antispasmodique (leaf)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "antispasmodique (fruit)"]. Robert Jauze.
Antiviral 2
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "antiviral (flower)"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "antivirale"]. Artémis éditions.
Aphrodisiac 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "aphrodisiac"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Astringent 17
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 277, "astringent"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "astringent"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "astringent"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "astringent"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "astringent"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "astringent"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 68, "astringent"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "astringents"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "astringent"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "astringent (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "astringents (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "astringent"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "astringent"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "astringent (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "astringents"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "astringent"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "astringent (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Cardiovascular protective 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "cardiovascular"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Cartilage protector 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "protectrice du cartilage"]. Lavoisier.
Depurative 4
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "good eliminator"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "dépuratif"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "dépuratifs"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "dépuratif"]. Editions Vigot.
Digestive 3
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "favorise […] la digestion"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "régulateur digestif"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "digestif"]. Larousse.
Diuretic 15
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "diuretic"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "diurétique"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "mildly diuretic"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "diuretic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "diurétique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "diurétiques"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "diuretic"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "diurétique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "diurétique (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "diurétique (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "diurétique léger"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "diurétique"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "diurétique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "diurétique"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "diurétique"]. Editions Amyris.
Drying 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 68, "dessicatif"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Emmenagogue 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "emmenagogue"]. Hardie Grant Books.
External anti-inflammatory 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "calmer une peau enflammée (flower)"]. Jouvence Editions.
Febrifuge 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "bringing down fevers"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Haemostatic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "staunching bleeding"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "hémostatique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "hémostatique"]. Editions Vigot.
Hormonal regulator 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "hormone balancing (flower)"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Hypocholesterolemic 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 277, "lowering cholesterol"]. Quercus.
Hypotensive 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "hypotensive"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Immunostimulant 7
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 165, "immunité basse"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "supports the immune system"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "renforce le système immunitaire"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "immuno-stimulant"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 68, "stimuler les défenses naturelles"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 253, "immuno-stimulant"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "immunostimulant"]. Editions Amyris.
Laxative 7
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "laxatif"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "laxatives"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 844, "laxatif léger"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 195, "laxatif doux (flower)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "laxatifs (flower)"]. Actes Sud.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "laxatif"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "laxatif doux"]. Editions Amyris.
Nervine 2
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "soothing the nerve"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "nervine"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Parasiticide 5
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 934, "vermifuge"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "vermifuge"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "vermifuge"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vermifuge"]. Leduc.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "vermifuge"]. Editions Vigot.
Sedative 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "anti-stress"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 277, "sedative"]. Quercus.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "calmants"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "sedative"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "calmant (fruit)"]. Robert Jauze.
Tonic 14
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "tonifier une peau flasque (flower)"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 199, "tonic"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "tonifiant"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "tonic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "tonique"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "toniques"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "tonique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 195, "toniques"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "toniques (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "tonique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "tonique"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "tonique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "tonique"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "tonique"]. Editions Amyris.
Utero-ovarian sedative 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 199, "reducing uterine pain"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
Vulnerary 2
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "vulnéraire"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Vigot.
66 constituents
Albumin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "albumine (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
Anthocyan 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "anthocyanes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "anthocyanes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 402, "anthocyanes (fruit)"]. Editions Grancher.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "anthocyanosides"]. Editions Amyris.
Anthocyanidin 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "anthocyanidins (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Beta-carotene 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "β-carotène"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Betulinic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide bétulinique"]. Lavoisier.
Calcium 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "calcium"]. Terre Vivante.
Carotene 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "carotine (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "carotene (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Carotenoid 11
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "carotenoids"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "caroténoïdes (fruit)"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "carotenoids"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "caroténoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "caroténoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "caroténoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "caroténoïdes (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "caroténoïdes"]. Editions Amyris.
Catechol 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "catéchol"]. Lavoisier.
Citric acid 9
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide citrique"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "acides […] citrique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "acide […] citrique (fruit)"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "acides […] citrique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "acide citrique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "acide citrique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "acide citrique (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "acides […] citrique"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "citric [acid] (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Condensed tannin 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "proanthocyanidols"]. Editions Gisserot.
D-sorbitol 2
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "D-sorbitol"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "sorbitol"]. Larousse.
Diglycerol glucoside 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "glucoside de mono et diglycérol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Dimethyl sulfite 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "sulfite de diméthyl"]. Terre Vivante.
Ellagitannin 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "ellagitanin"]. Lavoisier.
Essential oil 4
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "volatile oil"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "huile essentielle"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "essential oils (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Fibrin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "fibrine (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
Flavonoid 12
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "flavonoids"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "flavonoids"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "flavonoïdes"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "flavonoids"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "flavonoĂŻdes"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "flavonoids"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "flavonoïdes"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "flavonoïdes"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "flavonoïdes"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "flavonoids (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Flavonol 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "flavonols"]. Larousse.
Gallic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "acide gallique"]. Terre Vivante.
Gallotannin 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "tanins galliques"]. Editions Gisserot.
Glucose 3
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "glucose (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "glucose (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "glucose (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
Gum 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "gomme"]. Omnibus.
Invert sugar 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "invert sugar"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "sucre inverti"]. Larousse.
Iron 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "fer"]. Terre Vivante.
Lipid 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "huile grasse"]. Omnibus.
Lycopene 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "lycopène"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "lycopène"]. Editions Amyris.
Magnesium 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "magnésium"]. Terre Vivante.
Malic acid 9
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide malique"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "acides […] malique"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "acide malique (fruit)"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "acides […] malique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "acide malique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "acide malique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "acide […] malique (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "acides […] malique"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "malic [acid] (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Minerals 2
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "minerals"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "minéraux"]. Terre Vivante.
Monoglycerol glucoside 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "glucoside de mono et diglycérol"]. Editions Ouest-France.
Myricin 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "myricine (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
Oleanolic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide oléanolique"]. Lavoisier.
Organic acid 5
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "acides organiques"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "acides organiques"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "acides organiques"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "acides organiques (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "acides organiques"]. Editions Amyris.
Pectin 11
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "pectine"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "pectin"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "pectines"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "pectines"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "pectine"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "pectines"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "pectine (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "pectines"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "pectine (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "pectine"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "pectin (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Phosphorus 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "phosphore"]. Terre Vivante.
Polyphenol 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "polyphenols"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "polyphénols"]. Larousse.
Potassium 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "potassium"]. Terre Vivante.
Provitamin A 2
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "provitamine A (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "provitamine A"]. Editions Amyris.
Quinic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "acide quinique"]. Terre Vivante.
Resin 3
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "résine"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "résine (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "résine (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
Rubixanthin 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "rubixanthine"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "rubixanthine"]. Editions Amyris.
Rugosin A 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "rugosine A-E"]. Lavoisier.
Rugosin B 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "rugosine A-E"]. Lavoisier.
Rugosin C 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "rugosine A-E"]. Lavoisier.
Rugosin D 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "rugosine A-E"]. Lavoisier.
Rugosin E 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "rugosine A-E"]. Lavoisier.
Sugar 6
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "sucres"]. Lavoisier.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "sucre"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "sucre (fruit)"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "sucres (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "sucres"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sugar (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Tannin 18
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "tannins"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "tannins"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "tannin"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "tannins"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "tannins (leaf)"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "tanins (fruit)"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "tanins"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "tanin"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "tanins (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "tanins"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 402, "tanins"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "tanins (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "tanins"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 249, "tanin (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "tanins"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "tannins (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Tellimagrandin I 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "tellimagrandines I-II"]. Lavoisier.
Tellimagrandin II 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "tellimagrandines I-II"]. Lavoisier.
Tiliroside 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "tiliroside"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "tiliroside"]. Editions Amyris.
Triterpene 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "triterpènes"]. Lavoisier.
Ursolic acid 1
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide ursolique"]. Lavoisier.
Vanillin 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vanillin"]. Penguin Random House.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "vanilline (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vanilline"]. Larousse.
Vitamin 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "vitamins"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "vitamins"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "vitamines"]. Editions Amyris.
Vitamin A 8
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins A"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "vitamins A"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins […] A"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines […] A"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines A (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "vitamines A (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "vitamine A (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "vitamines A"]. Robert Jauze.
Vitamin B 3
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "vitamins […] B"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "vitamine B (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "vitamine B (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
Vitamin B1 6
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins […] B1"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins […] B1"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines […] B1"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines […] B1 (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "vitamines […] B1 (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "vitamines […] B1"]. Robert Jauze.
Vitamin B2 6
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins […] B2"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins […] B2"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines […] B2"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines […] B2 (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "vitamines […] B2 (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "vitamines […] B2"]. Robert Jauze.
Vitamin B3 5
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins […] B3"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins […] B3"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines […] B3"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines […] PP (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "vitamine PP (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
Vitamin C 27
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "vitamin C"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamin C"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "acide ascorbique (fruit)"]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "vitamin C"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 112, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins C"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "vitamine C […] (fruit)"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "acide ascorbique"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 84, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Vidal.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines C"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 223, "vitamines […] C (fruit)"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "vitamine C"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "Vitamine C (fruit)"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 468, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "vitamines […] C"]. Robert Jauze.
- Contemporary English Researcher, Doctor of Pharmacy and Herbalist Simmonds, M., Howes, M.-J., & Irving, J. (2016). The gardener's companion to medicinal plants: an A-Z of healing plants and home remedies [p. 162, "vitamin C"]. Frances Lincoln.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "vitamine C (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "C"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Vitamin E 4
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "vitamine E"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines […] E (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "vitamine E (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "E"]. Editions Amyris.
Vitamin K 6
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "vitamins […] K"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "vitamins […] K"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "vitamins […] K"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "vitamines […] K"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 196, "vitamines […] K (fruit)"]. Leduc.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "vitamine K (fruit)"]. Editions Vigot.
Wax 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 846, "cire"]. Omnibus.
Zeaxanthin 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "zéaxanthine"]. Editions Amyris.
6 common names
Dog rose 7
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "dog rose"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "dog rose"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "dog rose"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "dog rose"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 208, "dog rose"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary English Researcher, Doctor of Pharmacy and Herbalist Simmonds, M., Howes, M.-J., & Irving, J. (2016). The gardener's companion to medicinal plants: an A-Z of healing plants and home remedies [p. 162, "dog rose"]. Frances Lincoln.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "dog rose"]. North Atlantic Books.
Dog-rose 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "dog-rose"]. Robert Jauze.
Rosier sauvage (Rosa canina) 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "rose"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "rose"]. Penguin.
Wild dog rose 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "wild dog rose"]. Penguin.
Wild rose (Rosa canina) 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "wild rose"]. North Atlantic Books.
Wild rose of Britain 1
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 199, "wild rose of Britain"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
scientific name
Rosa canina 29
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 154, "Rosa canina L."]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 165, "Rosa canina"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "Rosa canina"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Bruneton, J. (2016). Pharmacognosie: phytochimie, plantes médicinales (5e éd.) [p. 28, "Rosa canina L."]. Lavoisier.
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "R. canina"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 933, "Rosa canina"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 112, "Rosa canina"]. Artémis éditions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "Rosa canina"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "Rosa canina"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "Rosa canina L."]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 348, "Rosa canima [sic]"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 124, "Rosa canina L."]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 68, "Rosa canina L."]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 844, "Rosa canina L."]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "Rosa canina"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French Vidal Editions Gagnon, A.-C., Grole_idau, P., Korsia-Meffre, S., Richez, F., & Senart, S. (2010). Le guide des plantes qui soignent [p. 446, "Rosa canina L."]. Vidal.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 208, "R. canina"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "Rosa canina"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 195, "Rosa canina"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 221, "Rosa canina"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 248, "Rosa canina"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Minker, C. (2015). 200 plantes qui guérissent [p. 356, "Rosa canina"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 253, "Rosa canina L."]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 172, "Rosa canina"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 53, "Rosa canina"]. Robert Jauze.
- Contemporary English Researcher, Doctor of Pharmacy and Herbalist Simmonds, M., Howes, M.-J., & Irving, J. (2016). The gardener's companion to medicinal plants: an A-Z of healing plants and home remedies [p. 162, "Rosa canina"]. Frances Lincoln.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 248, "Rosa canina"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 162, "Rosa canina L."]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "Rosa canina"]. North Atlantic Books.
Conditions of use
Contraindications
None at recommended doses 2
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 125, "aucune connue"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "aucune aux doses recommandées"]. Editions Amyris.
Toxicity
Do not swallow the seeds contained in the fruit (rose hips), they are toxic 5
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 198, "one note of caution […] the seeds with their short hairs were possibly dangerous if taken internlly"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary French journalist Chavanne, P. (2022). Guide encyclopédique de la phytothérapie: soigner toutes les pathologies du quotidien à l'aide de 100 plantes médicinales [p. 113, "les semences d’églantier […] recèlent un composé toxique pour le système nerveux et pour le coeur"]. Artémis éditions.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "les semences […exercent] des effets toxiques sur la moelle allongée, le système nerveux et le coeur"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English Researcher, Doctor of Pharmacy and Herbalist Simmonds, M., Howes, M.-J., & Irving, J. (2016). The gardener's companion to medicinal plants: an A-Z of healing plants and home remedies [p. 162, "seeds can aggravate the throat and skin"]. Frances Lincoln.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 427, "the seeds (not used in medicine) contain a glucoside and are toxic, producing torpor, vertigo, and headaches"]. North Atlantic Books.
Side effects
None known 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 125, "aucun connu"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Drug interactions
None known 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 125, "aucune connue"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
Precautions for use
No precautions at recommended doses 3
- Contemporary French doctor of pharmacy Corjon, G. (2018). Se soigner par les plantes [p. 65, "aucune connue"]. Editions Gisserot.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Fleurentin, J., & Hayon, J.-C. (2018). Du bon usage des plantes qui soignent [p. 69, "aucune précaution aux doses recommandées"]. Editions Ouest-France.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 249, "pas de restriction d’usage"]. Terre Vivante.
The different species of wild roses all have the same properties 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 844, "innombrables sont les races et variétés de roses sauvages et leurs distinctions […] du point de vue médicinal, ces distinctions sont sans importance"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 248, "Botaniquement, nombreuses espèces difficiles à différencier, mais ayant toutes les mêmes propriétés"]. Terre Vivante.
The hairs contained in the fruit are irritating to the skin and stomach 4
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 933, "duvet des semences du cynorrhodon, appliqué sur la peau, cause une démangeaison insupportable suivie de douleur"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Dubray, M. (2018). Guide des contre-indications des principales plantes médicinales [p. 125, "attention aux poils irritants contenus dans le fruit"]. Editions Lucien Souny.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 845, "poils à gratter contenus dans le fruit […] appliqués sur la peau […] causent une démengeaison insupportable"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "the seeds of rose hips are covered in hairs that will irritate the stomach"]. Penguin.
Use over a short period 1
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 174, "ne pas faire le traitement continu"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Children
The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1
- Phyto-info note
Pregnant or breastfeeding women
Do not use if pregnant or breast-feeding 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "avoid large dose if pregnant"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Energetics
Tastes
Acidic 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 208, "acidic (fruit)"]. Hermes House.
Acidulous 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 248, "acidulée"]. Terre Vivante.
Aromatic 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "aromatic (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Bitter 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "slightly bitter (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Sour 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sour (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Sweet 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sweet (flower, fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Elementary energies
Cool and dry 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 126, "froid et sec (flower, fruit)"]. Editions Amyris.
Cooling 3
- Contemporary English herbalist & English author Bruton-Seal, J., & Seal, M. (2008). Hedgerow medicine: harvest and make your own herbal remedies [p. 197, "cooling"]. Merlin Unwin Books.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 163, "rafraîchissant"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "cooling (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Cooling and drying 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "cooling and drying"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "rose hips […] as cooling and drying"]. North Atlantic Books.
