Apothecary’s rose

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Introduction

This page is the result of the aggregation of content from 21 sources. At Phyto-info, we have indexed, assembled and synthesized all the information found to summarize it, to make it readable and easy to access. We have carefully selected our sources from recognized and reliable people.

Physician(s) 4
Pharmacist(s) 1
Herbalist(s) 15
Other 1

Physician Dr. Jean Valnet (1920-1995) was a French physician and surgeon, specializing in herbal medicine in the fields of phytotherapy and aromatherapy.
Physician Dr. François-Joseph Cazin (1788-1864) was a French physician. Author of an imposing Practical and Reasoned Treatise on Indigenous Medicinal Plants, he is considered the ancestor of the French school of phytotherapy.
Doctor & Ethnobotanist Dr. Gérard Debuigne is a French doctor, specializing in phytotherapy and nutrition. Hi co-author, Dr. François Couplan is a French ethnobotanist and writer, specializing in the traditional uses of wild edible plants, which he has studied on all five continents and of which he is a pioneer in Europe.
Physician Dr Jean Morel has been a doctor in Besançon since 1980. A student of Dr. Jean Valnet, he is president of the Franche-Comté Society of Société Franc-comtoise de Phytothérapie et d'Aromathérapie created in 1982. He has been using plants for more than thirty years and is a lecturer in the university degree in phytotherapy and aromatherapy at the faculty of Besançon.
Pharmacists Dr. Claudine Luu is a doctor of pharmacy and natural sciences, she founded the Phytofrance laboratory, as well as the oldest herbalist school in France, IMDERPLAM located in the Hérault. Its co-author, Dr. Annie Fournier, is a doctor of pharmacy, specializing in phytotherapy and relaxation therapies.
Herbalist Thomas Bartram is a medical herbalist. He has lived and worked in Christchurch, Dorset in England. A Fellow of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, the Royal Society of Health and the Health Food Institute, he was also the Editor of the journal 'Health for Herbs'.
Herbalist Marie-Antoinette Mulot (1919-1999) was a French herbalist by virtue of her training as an herbalist at the Faculty of Pharmacy of Montpellier, she was the last to graduate in 1941.
Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
Herbalist Andrew Chevallier is an experienced medical herbalist and author of books on botanical medicine. He is a member and past president of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists and a member of the College of Practitioners of Herbal Medicine. He also helped found the Herbal Medicine Course at Middlesex University.
Herbalist Becky Cole, based in Northern Ireland, works as a landscaper after studying at NCAD and TCD. She is also an herbalist by training, having studied with mentors such as Juliet Blankespoor, Marysia Miernowska and Jade Shutes, among others.
Herbalist Born in Silchester, Hampshire, Alys Fowler studied at the Royal Horticultural Society, the Royal Botanic Gardens in London, and then the Botanic Gardens in New York, before returning to the UK to complete a master's degree at UCL in 2002. Alys spent a few years presenting the BBC's Gardeners' World series and has since become a prominent horticultural journalist, writing a popular weekly column in the Guardian.
Herbalist Christophe Bernard is an herbalist. He studied medicinal plants in the United States for 15 years. Back in his native Provence, he devoted himself to his passion as a health practitioner.
Herbalist Matthew Wood has been an herbalist for over 35 years in the United States. He holds a Master of Science in the field of medicinal plants from the Scottish School of Herbal Medicine, a degree recognized by the University of Wales in Scotland.
Herbalist Paul-Victor Fournier (1877-1964) was a French canon and botanist. His major work, 'Les quatre flores de France', published between 1934 and 1940, remains a reference work for the identification of plants in the field.
Herbalist Pierre Lieutaghi (1939-2023) was pursuing research on the relationships between plants and societies in Western Europe. He was scientific manager of the Salagon ethnobotanical garden in Haute Provence. He was one of the best connoisseurs of traditional knowledge in the field of herbal remedies in France.
Herbalist Michel Pierre, a trained pharmacy technician, began his career in a pharmacy that manufactured its own medicines. He has been running the Herboristerie du Palais Royal in Paris since 1972.
Herbalist Paul Iserin is head of the phytotherapy department at the Bobigny Faculty of Medicine.
Herbalist Jessica Houdret has a passion for herbs, she has grown them commercially and has led workshops on their many uses. She served on the board of the British Herb Trade Association for several years and served as a director.
Herbalist Terry Breverton, a contemporary British author with a passion for Welsh heritage, has rewritten Culpeper's famous book for a more modern audience. Nicholas Culpeper (1616-1654) was an English botanist known as the poor man's doctor, making herbal medicine accessible to all. His book, commonly referred to as Culpeper's Complete Herbal, was a huge success when it was first published and has been reprinted ever since.
Herbalist Yves Vanopdenbosch is a graduate hospital nurse trained in Belgium, he directs the École des Plantes where he teaches traditional European phytotherapy.
Journalist Sophie Lacoste, editor-in-chief of Rebelle-Santé magazine, has also run the health section of TV magazine for around twenty years.

However, Phyto-info is not responsible for what these sources tell us. We only report them in a different format.

Practical information

Family

Rosaceae

Parts used

Fruit
Petal

Picking info

Pick fruits before or after the first frost, dry them in a dry and soft place, then store them in airtight jars away from moisture and light
Pick the slightly opened flower buds in the morning in dry weather, gently detach the petals before drying them quickly in a warm and ventilated place away from the sun, then store them tightly packed in airtight jars away from light

Medicine cabinet

Dried fruit
Dried petal
Dried petal syrup

57 traditional uses

PreparationPartFormUse
Acne 2 Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "acne"]. Penguin. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "boutons d’acné"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.		✓
Anemia 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "anemia"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Angina pectoris 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "angina"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Anxiety 2 Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "anxiety"]. Penguin. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "anxiety"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Aphtha 2 Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "aphtes"]. Actes Sud. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "aphtes"]. Editions Vigot.		✓
Arthritis 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "arthritis"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓	✓	✓
Asthenia 4 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "gens fatigués"]. Larousse. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "gens fatigués"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "asthénie"]. Robert Jauze. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "asthenia"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓		✓
Asthma 1 Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "asthme"]. Editions Vigot.	✓
Blepharitis 2 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "inflammations des paupières"]. Larousse. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "inflammation des paupières"]. Editions Vigot.		✓
Bronchitis 1 Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "bronchial infections"]. Hermes House.	✓
Candidiasis 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "yeast infection"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Cold 1 Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "cold"]. Hermes House.	✓	✓	✓	✓
Colic 1 Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "upset tummy"]. Hardie Grant Books.	✓
Conjunctivitis 8 Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "inflamed eyes"]. Robinson. Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "ophtalmie chronique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "inflamed […] eyes"]. Penguin Random House. Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "yeux enflammés"]. Larousse. Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "ophtalmies chroniques"]. Omnibus. Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "conjonctivites"]. Terre Vivante. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "conjonctivite"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "conjonctivite"]. Editions Amyris.		✓
Constipation 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "constipation"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Convalescence 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "convalescence"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓		✓
Depression 3 Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "depression"]. Penguin Random House. Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "grief"]. Hardie Grant Books. Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "dépression"]. Larousse.	✓
Dermatitis 4 Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "peau enflammée"]. Jouvence Editions. Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "inflamed skin complaints"]. Penguin. Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "skin irritations"]. Hermes House. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "irritated skin"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓	✓	✓
Dermatosis 2 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "maladies de peau"]. Larousse. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "maladies de la peau"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.	✓	✓	✓
Diarrhea 11 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "diarrhées chroniques"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "diarrhée"]. Larousse. Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "diarrhées chroniques"]. Omnibus. Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "diarrhoea"]. Penguin. Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 402, "diarrhée"]. Actes Sud. Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "diarrhées légères"]. Terre Vivante. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "diarrhée"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "diarrhées"]. Robert Jauze. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "diarrhées"]. Editions Vigot. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "diarrhée"]. Editions Amyris. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "diarrhea"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Dry cough 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "irritative cough"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Dysentery 2 French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "dysenterie"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "dysentery"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Dyspepsia 3 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "dyspepsie"]. Larousse. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "dyspepsies"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "pain in liver and stomach"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Ecchymosis 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "bruising"]. North Atlantic Books.		✓
Enteritis 2 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "entérites"]. Larousse. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "entérites"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.	✓
Enuresis 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "bedwetting"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Eye strain 1 Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "sore eyes"]. Penguin Random House.		✓
Gastralgia 1 Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "gastric upsets"]. Hermes House.	✓
Gingivitis 2 Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "gingivite"]. Editions Amyris. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "bleeding from the […] gums"]. North Atlantic Books.		✓
Granulation tissue excess 1 Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "plaies fongueuses"]. Editions Vigot.		✓
Hemoptysis 2 Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "hémoptysies"]. Omnibus. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "bleeding from the lungs"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓		✓
Hemorrhage 5 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "hémorrhagies passives"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "hémorragies"]. Larousse. Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "hémorragies"]. Omnibus. Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "hémorragies"]. Robert Jauze. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "hémorragies"]. Editions Vigot.	✓	✓
Hemorrhoids 1 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "hémorroïdes"]. Larousse.		✓
Hypercholesterolemia 3 Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "cholesterol"]. Robinson. Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "cholesterol"]. Penguin Random House. Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "cholestérol"]. Larousse.	✓
Influenza 1 Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "flu"]. Penguin.			✓
Kidney disorder 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 424, "strengthen the kidneys"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Kidney stone 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "kidney stones"]. North Atlantic Books.			✓
Leucorrhea 8 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "leucorrhées"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "leucorrhée"]. Larousse. Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "leucorrhées"]. Omnibus. Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 402, "leucorrhées"]. Actes Sud. Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "pertes blanches"]. Robert Jauze. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "leucorrhées"]. Editions Vigot. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "leucorrhée"]. Editions Amyris. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "vaginal discharge"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓	✓
Menopausal disorder 1 Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "menopause"]. Hardie Grant Books.	✓
Menorrhagia 1 Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "ménorragie"]. Editions Amyris.		✓
Metrorrhagia 2 Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "métrorragies"]. Actes Sud. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "métrorragie"]. Editions Amyris.		✓
Migraine 1 Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "migraines"]. Actes Sud.		✓
Nasal congestion 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "obstruction of the nose"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓		✓
Neurasthenia 1 Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "fatigue nerveuse"]. Editions Amyris.	✓		✓
Pharyngitis 8 Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "sore throats"]. Hardie Grant Books. Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "maux de gorge"]. Larousse. Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "maux de gorge"]. Omnibus. Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "sore throats"]. Penguin. Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "maux de gorge"]. Actes Sud. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "maux de gorge"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "mal de gorge"]. Editions Amyris. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "sore throat"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓	✓	✓	✓
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) 1 Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "PMS"]. Hardie Grant Books.	✓
Respiratory inflammation 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "acute inflammatory conditions of the respiratory tract"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Rheumatism 1 Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "rheumatism"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓	✓	✓
Skin care 3 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "soins de la peau"]. Larousse. Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "skin health"]. Penguin. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "soins de la peau"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.		✓
Sore 3 Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "sores"]. Hermes House. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "blessures"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "plaie"]. Editions Amyris.		✓
Stomatitis 3 Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "inflammations des muqueuses buccales"]. Terre Vivante. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "inflammations des muqueuses buccales"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 450, "stomatites"]. Editions Vigot.		✓
Throat infection 4 Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "angines"]. Larousse. Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "angine"]. Actes Sud. Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "angines"]. Terre Vivante. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 450, "angines"]. Editions Vigot.		✓		✓
Tuberculosis 4 Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "phthisie pulmonaire"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/ Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "phtisie"]. Omnibus. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "tuberculose pulmonaire"]. Editions Vigot. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "tuberculosis"]. North Atlantic Books.	✓
Urinary tract infection 2 Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "urétrites"]. Actes Sud. French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "proteus"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.		✓
Vaginitis 2 Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "vaginal irritation"]. Robinson. Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 426, "vaginitis"]. North Atlantic Books.		✓
Varicose ulcer 4 Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "ulcères atoniques"]. Omnibus. Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "ulcères"]. Actes Sud. Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 450, "ulcères"]. Editions Vigot. Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "ulcère variqueux"]. Editions Amyris.		✓
Weeping eczema 1 Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "affections dermatologiques suppurantes"]. Terre Vivante.		✓

Dosages

Internal decoction

Put approx. 4 g of dried berries in 150 ml (1 tea cup) of cold water, let simmer for 10 minutes, filter carefully and drink 3 to 4 cups a day 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "hips […] to be taken internally"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 427, "rose hips are the part used most frequently"]. North Atlantic Books.

External infusion

Infuse approx. 8 g of dried petals in 150 ml (1 tea cup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, filter and use lukewarm in compresses, washes, eye baths, gargles, gargles, mouthwashes or sitz baths 6
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "50 à 60 g [de pétales] par litre d’eau bouillante pour les gargarismes, les lavements, les injections, les lavages des yeux"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "15 à 60 g de pétales par litre d’eau"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "30-60 g/l"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 32, "standard Infusion, 2-4 ounces [rose petals]"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "40 à 50 g pour 1 litre d’eau bouillante, infuser 10 minutes"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "2 ou 3 pincées de pétales pour 1 tasse d’eau bouillante, infuser 10 minutes, en lavages oculaires, injections vaginales, compresses […] bains de bouche"]. Editions Vigot.

Internal infusion

Infuse approx. 2 g of dried petals in 150 ml (1 teacup) of simmering water for 10 minutes off the heat, strain, and drink 2 to 3 cups per day before meals 10
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "infusion de 8 à 15 gr. [de pétales] par kilogramme d’eau"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "infusion de pétales 8 à 15 g [de pétales] par litre d’eau bouillante […] 2 à 3 tasses par jour entre les repas"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "10 à 20 g [de pétales] par litre d’eau, 1 tasse avant les principaux repas"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 402, "1 bonne pincée de pétales pour 1 tasse d’eau bouillante, 1 tasse avant les repas"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "10 à 20 g/l, 2-3 tasses/jour"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 32, "standard Infusion, 2-4 ounces [rose petals]"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "40 à 50 g [de pétales] pour 1 litre d’eau, faire bouillir 2 à 3 minutes, infuser 10 minutes, boire 3 tasses par jour"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "prendre deux à trois tasses par jour […] infusion de 10 minutes obtenue en versant cinq à six boutons pour une tasse d’eau bouillante"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "20 g par litre d’eau, infuser 10 minutes, 3 tasses par jour avant les repas"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "1 cuillère à soupe [de pétales] par tasse, infusion 10 minutes, 2 à 3 tasses par jour"]. Editions Amyris.

Syrup internally

Take 1 teaspoon of rose petal syrup 2 to 3 times a day 2
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "infuser 60 g de pétales dans 2 litres d’eau bouillnate, laisser en contact 24 heures, faire bouillir avec 1 kg de sucre jusqu’à consistance de sirop, absorber plusieurs cuillérées par jour jusqu’à la cessation des troubles"]. Larousse.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "prendre par cuillérées à café"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.

33 plant properties

Analgesic 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "mild local anaesthetic"]. Robinson.
Anti-bacterial 3
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "antibiotique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "antibiotiques"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "antibactérien"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-diarrhoeic 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "anti-diarrhéique"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-inflammatory 6
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "anti-inflammatory"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "anti-inflammatory (flower)"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "anti-inflammatory"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "anti-inflammatory"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "anti-inflammatoire"]. Editions Amyris.
Anti-wrinkle 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "antiride"]. Terre Vivante.
Antidepressive 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "anti-depressant"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "antidepressant (flower)"]. Penguin Random House.
Antiophthalmic 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "anti-ophtalmique"]. Editions Amyris.
Antioxidant 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "antioxidants"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "antioxidant (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Antipruritic 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "antiprurigineuse"]. Terre Vivante.
Antiseptic 1
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "antiseptique puissant"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
Antispasmodic 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "antispasmodic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Antiviral 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "antiviral"]. Robinson.
Aphrodisiac 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "aphrodisiac"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "aphrodisiac"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Astringent 14
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "astringent"]. Robinson.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "astringente"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "astringent"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "astringent"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "astringente"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "astringent léger"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "astringent"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 402, "astringentes"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "astringence"]. Terre Vivante.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "astringent"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "astringentes"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "astringent"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "astringent"]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "astringent (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Cardiovascular protective 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "cardiovascular"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Cholorectic 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "increases bile-flow"]. Robinson.
Demulcent 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "adoucissante"]. Terre Vivante.
Depurative 1
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 90, "drainage […] des intestins"]. Editions Grancher.
Diuretic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "diuretic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "diuretic"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 195, "diurétiques"]. Leduc.
Emmenagogue 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "menstrual regulator"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "emmenagogue"]. Hardie Grant Books.
External anti-inflammatory 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "calmer une peau enflammée (flower)"]. Jouvence Editions.
Haemostatic 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "hémostatique"]. Editions Amyris.
Hepatoprotective 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "liver protector"]. Robinson.
Hypocholesterolemic 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "reduce high cholesterol levels"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "reduce high cholesterol levels"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "diminue le taux de cholestérol"]. Larousse.
Hypotensive 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "hypotensive"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Laxative 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "laxative"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "légèrement laxative"]. Terre Vivante.
Nervine 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "nervine"]. Hardie Grant Books.
Neurotonic 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "neurotonique"]. Editions Amyris.
Resolving 2
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 932, "résolutifs"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "résolutifs"]. Omnibus.
Sedative 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "mild sedative"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "sedative (flower)"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "sedative"]. Penguin.
Tonic 12
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "tonifier une peau flasque (flower)"]. Jouvence Editions.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "tonique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "tonic"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "tonique"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "tonique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French journalist Lacoste, S. (2022). Ma bible des plantes qui soignent: le guide de référence de la phytothérapie [p. 195, "toniques"]. Leduc.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 402, "toniques"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "tonique"]. Terre Vivante.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 391, "tonique"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "fortifiantes"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "fortifiant"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "tonique"]. Editions Amyris.
Trophic protector 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "trophique protecteur"]. Terre Vivante.
Vulnerary 3
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 392, "cicatrisant"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "cicatrisant"]. Editions Amyris.

38 constituents

Albumin 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "albumine"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
Anthocyan 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "anthocyanes"]. Terre Vivante.
Anthocyanidin 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "anthocyanidins (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Beta-damascone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "bêta-damascone"]. Terre Vivante.
Beta-ionone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "bêta-ionone"]. Terre Vivante.
Carotene 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "carotene (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Citral 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "citral"]. Terre Vivante.
Citric acid 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "citric [acid] (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Citronellol 4
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "citronellol"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "citronellol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "citronellol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "citronellol"]. Terre Vivante.
Cyanine 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "cyanine"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
Damascenone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "damascénone"]. Terre Vivante.
Essential oil 7
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "huile essentielle"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "volatile oil"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "essence aromatique"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "essence"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "huile essentielle"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "huile essentielle"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "essential oils (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Eugenol 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "eugenol"]. Robinson.
Flavonoid 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "flavonoids"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "flavonoids (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Gallic acid 4
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "acide gallique"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "acide gallique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "acide gallique"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "acide gallique"]. Editions Vigot.
Geranic acid 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "geranic acid"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "geranic acid"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "acide géranique"]. Larousse.
Geraniol 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "geraniol"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "geraniol"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "géraniol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "géraniol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "géraniol"]. Terre Vivante.
Iron oxide 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "oxyde de fer"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
Ketone 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "cétones"]. Terre Vivante.
Linalool 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "linalol"]. Terre Vivante.
Lipid 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "oil"]. Robinson.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "matière grasse"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "matières grasses"]. Omnibus.
Malic acid 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "malic [acid] (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Monoterpene alcohol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "monoterpénols"]. Terre Vivante.
Myrcene 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "myrcene"]. Robinson.
Nerol 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "nerol"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "nerol"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "nérol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "nérol"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "nérol"]. Terre Vivante.
Oleoptene 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "oléoptène"]. Terre Vivante.
Pectin 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "pectin (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Phenylethyl alcohol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "alcool phényl-éthylique"]. Terre Vivante.
Polyphenol 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "polyphénol"]. Terre Vivante.
Quercitannic acid 1
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "acide quercitannique"]. Omnibus.
Quercitrin 2
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "quercitrin"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "quercitrin"]. Omnibus.
Silica 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "silice"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
Stearoptene 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "stéaroptène"]. Terre Vivante.
Sugar 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 842, "sucre"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sugar (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Tannin 9
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "tannin"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "tannins (leaf)"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 350, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "tanin"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "tanins"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 403, "tanin"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "tanin"]. Terre Vivante.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "tanin"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "tannins (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.
Terpene 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "terpenes"]. Penguin Random House.
Terpene aldehyde 1
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "aldéhyde terpénique"]. Terre Vivante.
Vitamin C 5
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "vitamin C"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 115, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 230, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 209, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "vitamin C (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.

4 common names

Provence rose 1
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "Provence rose"]. Quercus.
Apothecary’s rose 2
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "apothecary’s rose"]. Quercus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 208, "apothecary’s rose"]. Hermes House.
Red-rose 1
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "red-rose"]. Robert Jauze.
Rose (Rosa gallica) 3
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "rose"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "rose"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "rose"]. Penguin.

2 scientific names

Rosa gallica 15
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 375, "Rosa gallica"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary 17th century English herbalist Breverton, T., &Culpeper, N. (1653/2011). Breverton's complete herbal: a book of remarkable plants and their uses [p. 276, "Rosa gallica"]. Quercus.
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 930, "Rosa gallica L."]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "Rosa gallica"]. Penguin Random House.
- Contemporary French physician & ethnobotanist Débuigne, G., & Couplan, F. (2019). Le Petit Larousse des plantes médicinales [p. 349, "Rosa gallica"]. Larousse.
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "Rosa gallica L. var. officinalis Thory"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary English herbalist Houdret, J. (2011). The complete guide to garden herbs [p. 208, "R. gallica var. officinalis"]. Hermes House.
- Contemporary French herbalist Iserin, P. et al. (2017). Larousse des plantes médicinales: identification, préparation, soins [p. 263, "Rosa gallica"]. Larousse.
- Contemporary French herbalist and ethnobotanist Lieutaghi, P. (1996). Le livre des bonnes herbes [p. 400, "Rosa gallica"]. Actes Sud.
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 562, "Rosa gallica (var. officinalis)"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary French physician Morel, J.-M. (2018). Traité pratique de phytothérapie. [p. 90, "Rosa gallica"]. Editions Grancher.
- French herbalist of the twentieth century Mulot, M.-A. (1987). Secrets d'une herboriste : 250 plantes médicinales [p. 390, "Rosa gallica"]. Edition du Club France Loisirs.
- Contemporary French herbalist Pierre, M. (1982). Les plantes de l'herboriste: recettes vertes, recettes douces pour mieux vivre [p. 131, "Rosa gallica"]. Robert Jauze.
- Twentieth century French physician Valnet, J. (2001). La phytothérapie : se soigner par les plantes [p. 449, "Rosa gallica"]. Editions Vigot.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 384, "Rosa gallica L."]. Editions Amyris.
Rosa rubra 1
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 930, "Rosa rubra"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/

Conditions of use

Contraindications

None at recommended doses 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2022). Herba medicinalis: 210 monographies de plantes médicinales [p. 385, "aucune aux doses recommandées"]. Editions Amyris.

Toxicity

Do not swallow the seeds contained in the fruit (rose hips), they are toxic 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 427, "the seeds (not used in medicine) contain a glucoside and are toxic, producing torpor, vertigo, and headaches"]. North Atlantic Books.

Side effects

The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1
- Phyto-info note

Drug interactions

The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1
- Phyto-info note

Precautions for use

Do not take essential oil internally without medical advice 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Chevallier, A. (2013). Encyclopedia of herbal medicine [p. 271, "do not take the essential oil internally without professional supervision"]. Penguin Random House.

The different species of roses share the same properties 6
- Contemporary French herbalist Bernard, C. (2018). Grand manuel pour fabriquer ses remèdes naturels [p. 193, "Rosa spp."]. Jouvence Editions.
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "Rosa spp."]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "Rosa species"]. Penguin.
- Contemporary American herbalist Moore, M. (1995). Herbal materia medica [p. 32, "Rosa"]. Southwest school of botanical medicine.
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 143, "Rosa spp."]. Editions Amyris.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "Rosa spp. […] domesticated rose"]. North Atlantic Books.

The hairs contained in the fruit are irritating to the skin and stomach 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Fowler, A. (2019). A modern herbal: plant-based medicine for a calmer, healthier life [p. 229, "the seeds of rose hips are covered in hairs that will irritate the stomach"]. Penguin.

Children

The documents reviewed did not mention any data on this subject 1
- Phyto-info note

Pregnant or breastfeeding women

Do not use if pregnant or breast-feeding 1
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "avoid large dose if pregnant"]. Hardie Grant Books.

Energetics

Tastes

Aromatic 2
- Twentieth-century French botanist and canon Fournier, P.-V. (2010). Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [p. 841, "aromatique"]. Omnibus.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "aromatic (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.

Bitter 2
- Nineteenth century French physician Cazin, F.-J. (1876). Traité pratique et raisonné des plantes médicinales indigènes et acclimatées : avec un atlas de 200 plantes lithographiées (4e ed.) [p. 931, "amère"]. P. Asselin, libraire de la faculté de medecine. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k58310855/
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 425, "slightly bitter (flower)"]. North Atlantic Books.

Sour 1
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sour (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.

Sweet 2
- Contemporary French doctors of pharmacy Luu, C., & Fournier, A. (2020). 300 plantes médicinales de France et d'ailleurs : identification, principes actifs, modes d'utilisation [p. 563, "douce"]. Terre Vivante.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "sweet (flower, fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.

Elementary energies

Cool and dry 1
- Contemporary Belgian Herbalist Vanopdenbosch, Y. (2018). Plantes médicinales et tempéraments : aux sources d’une phytothérapie traditionnelle [p. 143, "froid et sec (flower, fruit)"]. Editions Amyris.

Cooling 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Bartram, T. (1998). Bartram's encyclopedia of herbal medicine: the definitive guide to the herbal treatment of diseases [p. 376, "cooling"]. Robinson.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 422, "cooling (fruit)"]. North Atlantic Books.

Cooling and drying 2
- Contemporary English herbalist Cole, B. (2022). The garden apothecary: transform flowers, weeds and plants into healing remedies [p. 114, "cooling and drying"]. Hardie Grant Books.
- Contemporary American herbalist Wood, M. (2008). The earthwise herbal: a complete guide to old world medicinal plants (vol 1) [p. 423, "rose hips […] as cooling and drying"]. North Atlantic Books.